4-1 BB Ligand, Recombinant, Human (4-1BBL, CD137L, TNFSF9, Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 9)

Human 4-1BB Ligand (4-1BBL, CD137L) is a 32kD type II transmembrane protein that belongs to TNF superfamily (TNFSF) of molecules.1-4 The human 4-1BBL cDNA encodes a 254 amino acid (aa) protein that contains a 25aa N-terminal cytoplasmic domain, a 23aa transmembrane segment, and a 206aa C-terminal extracellular region.5 The extracellular domain (ECD) of 4-1BBL has a jelly-roll, b-sandwich tertiary structure that is similar to other TNFSF members. There is only one cysteine in the human ECD, and no potential N-linked glycosylation sites. The potential exists, however, for O-linked glycosylation. The human 4-1BBL ECD shares 32% and 35% aa identity with mouse and rat ECD, respectively. In the cytoplasmic domain, human 4-1BBL is 55aa shorter than the equivalent region in rodents. 4-1BBL is expressed by activated B cells, macrophages, dendritic cells, activated Tcells, neurons and astrocytes.2, 3, 6 A 26kD soluble form of 4-1BBL is known to occur in human. Although it is presumably generated by MMP activity, its amino acid size is currently unreported.4 The soluble form is bioactive. Human 4-1BBL signals through both CD137/4-1BB and itself. Its cytoplasmic tail participates in reverse signaling that induces apoptosis in T cells and cytokine secretion (IL-6; TNF-a) by monocytes.7, 8 4-1BBL binding to CD137/4-1BB produces a number of effects. Its seems to play a key role in the T cell recall response. It maintains T cell numbers at the end of a primary response, and induces CD4+ and CD8+ T cells to proliferate and secrete cytokines such as IL-2 and IFN-g in CD4+ cells, and IFN-g in CD8+ cells.9, 10\n\nSource: Recombinant, Human from E. coli\n\nEndotoxin: (same/less than) 0.1ng/ug (1EU/ug)\n\nBiological Activity: Determined by the dose-dependent stimulation of IL-8 production by human PBMC (peripheral blood mononuclear cells). The ED50 for this effect is 5-10ng/ml.\n\nPlease Note: Results may vary with PBMC (peripheral blood mononuclear cells) donors.\n\nReconstitution: We recommend a quick spin followed by reconstitution in water to\na concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/ml. This solution can then be diluted into other aqueous buffers and stored at 4 degrees C for 1 week or -20 degrees C for future use.\n\nStability: The Lyophilized protein is stable for a few weeks at room temperature, but best stored at -20 degrees C. Reconstituted 4-1BBL should be storred in working aliquots at -20 degrees C.\n\nCountry of Origin: USA

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SPECIFICATIONS

Catalog Number

0004-01

Size

5ug

Form

The sterile filtered solution was lyophilized from 5mM Tris, pH 8.0, 75mM sodium chloride.

Purity

(same/more than) 98% by SDS-PAGE and HPLC.

References

1. Kwon, B. et al., 2003, Exp. Mol. Med. 35:8.\n2. Salih, H.R. et al., 2002, Int. J. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 40:348.\n3. Vinay, D.S. and B.S. Kwon, 1998, Semin. Immunol. 1:481.\n4. Salih, H.R. et al., 2001, J. Immunol. 167:4059.\n5. Alderson, M.R. et al., 1994, Eur. J. Immunol. 24:2219.\n6. Reali, C. et al., 2003, J. Neurosci. Res. 74:67.\n7. Michel, J. et al., 1999, Immunology 98:42.\n8. Langstein, J. et al., 1998, J. Immunol. 160:2488.\n9. Wen, T. et al., 2002, J. Immunol. 168:4897.\n10. Dawicki, W. and T.H. Watts, 2004, Eur. J. Immunol. 34:743.