Adenylate Cyclase Type 3 (Adenylate Cyclase Type III, AC-III, Adenylyl Cyclase 3, AC3, Adcy3, Adenylate Cyclase Olfactive Type, ATP Pyrophosphate-lyase 3)

Adenylate cyclases are enzymes which interact with and are activated by the GTP bound a subunits of trimeric G-proteins. Activated adenylate cyclases are responsible for the production of the important "second messenger" signalling molecule cyclic-AMP, which is generated from ATP. cAMP in turn activates cAMP dependent protein kinase, which phosphorylates and alters the activity of other proteins. There are several different adenylate cyclase proteins with different distributions in cells and tissues. The type III adenylate cyclase enzyme is localized in the membranes surrounding the cilia in neurons, and our antibody is an excellent marker of neuronal cilia in the brain and in cells in tissue culture. Neuronal cilia are interesting and complex structures which house important receptors mediating several kinds of signalling pathway (1, 2). Adenylate cyclase type III is a large complex molecule of, in the human, 1145 amino acids with a deduced molecular weight of 129kD. The protein may be variably glycosylated, so that on SDS-PAGE and western blots it runs as a diffuse band of about 160kD in cortex and about 200kD in olfactory epithelium (see below). The molecule has a complex structure, with 12 transmembrane domains and two cyclase domains. Each cyclase domain is immediately C-terminal to 6 transmembrane segments, but only the second, C-terminal cyclase domain is believed to be catalytically active. Our antibody was raised against a 20 amino acid peptide identical to the C-terminus of rat ACIII, which is PAAFPNGSSVTLPHQVVDNP. A cysteine residue was added to the N-terminus to allow coupling to MBS-activated keyhole limpet hemocyanin. The antibody works on human cells also, as the corresponding peptide in the human AC3 is the peptide LATFPNGPSVTLPHQVVDNS, which differs at only three amino acids. The HGNC name for this protein is ADCY3.\n\nApplications:\nSuitable for use in Immunofluorescence and Western Blot. On Western Blots look for major bands at 160-200kD, depending on the tissue. Other applications not tested.\n\nRecommended Dilution:\nImmunofluorescence: 1:500-1:1000\nWestern Blot: 1:5000-1:10,000\nOptimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher.\n\nStorage and Stability:\nMay be stored at 4 degrees C for short-term only. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20 degrees C. Aliquots are stable for 12 months. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap.

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SPECIFICATIONS

Catalog Number

031349

Size

100ul

Applications

IF, WB

Hosts

Rabbit

Reactivities

Hum, Rat

Form

Supplied as a liquid.

P Type

Pab

Purity

Purified by affinity chromatography.

References

1. Fuchs JL, Schwark HD. Neuronal primary cilia: a review. Cell Biol Int. 28:111-8 (2004).\n\n2. Louvi A and Grove EA. Cilia in the CNS: the quiet organelle claims center stage. Neuron 69:1046-1060 (2011).

Additional Info

Recognizes rat ACIII. Works on human cells also, as the corresponding peptide in the human AC3 is the peptide LATFPNGPSVTLPHQVVDNS, which differs at only three amino acids.

Alternative Names

EC=4.6.1.1