Ambroxol hydrochloride

Ambroxol hydrochloride. Voltage-gated Na⁺ channels (VGSC, Na_v) are critically important for electrogenesis and nerve impulse conduction. Certain Na⁺ channel isoforms are predominantly expressed in peripheral sensory neurons associated with pain sensation, and the expression and functional properties of Na_v in peripheral sensory neurons can be dynamically regulated following axonal injury or peripheral inflammation.
Ambroxol is a secretolytic compound for the treatment of respiratory diseases. It is an effective expectorant, has been shown to normalize the structure of surfactant, to prevent the infant respiratory distress syndrome, and to be effective for the treatment of bronchitis.
In addition to its effects on the respiratory system, Ambroxol is an effective blocker of neuronal Na⁺ channels. In rat dorsal root ganglia, TTX-resistant Na⁺ currents were suppressed in a concentration-dependent manner with IC₅₀ values of 35.2 and 22.5 uM for tonic and phasic block, respectively. TTX-sensitive currents were inhibited with lower potency; approximately 50% inhibition with 100 μM.
Ambroxol has local anesthetic properties, which make it an efficacious treatment for sore throat and to reduce symptoms of chronic, neuropathic, and inflammatory pain in vivo.
Ambroxol inhibits the release of histamine, leukotrienes and cytokines from human leukocytes and mast cells. It has also well documented antioxidant properties.

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