Androgen receptor, ID (AR, DHTR, NR3C4, Dihydrotestosterone receptor, Steroid receptor subfamily 3 group C member 4)

The androgen receptor (AR) is a NR3 Steroid Receptor located on the X chromosome. AR is a phosphoprotein and acts as a steroid hormone-activated transcription factor for androgen-responsive genes. Mutations in the AR gene are associated with androgen insensitivity syndrome (CAIS) or testicular feminization syndrome, Reifenstein syndrome, and Kennedy spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy. They lead to symptoms such as low virilization, reduced sperm production, testicular atrophy, and infertility. Androgen signaling through the androgen receptor (AR) appears to be involved in all aspects of prostate cancer, from initiation to development of treatment resistance. Gain-of-function AR gene mutations and/or altered signaling through AR have been suggested to contribute to disease progression. A recent study showed decreased expression of AR in response to incubation of LNCaP prostate carcinoma cells with PC-SPES, a mixture of eight herbs (Bonham et al. 2002). Two forms of AR that differ in their N termini have been isolated: AR A (87 kD), which is derived from translation of an internal methionine codon (met188), and AR B (110 kD). The two isoforms are expressed in similar tissues; however, AR B generally is the more abundant form.\n\nApplications: \nSuitable for use in ELISA, Western Blot, Immunohistochemistry. Other applications not tested.\n\nRecommended Dilution:\nELISA: 1:40,000\nWestern Blot: 1:500-1:1000\nImmunohistochemistry (Paraffin): 10ug/ml\nOptimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher.\n\nStorage and Stability:\nMay be stored at 4 degrees C for short-term only. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20 degrees C. Aliquots are stable for at least 12 months. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap.

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