anti-Vimentin (VIM) antibody: Vimentin recognizes a 57-60 kDa protein, which is identified as vimentin. It shows no cross-reactivity with other closely related intermediate filament proteins such as desmin and GFAP. Vimentin is the main intermediate filament protein in mesenchymal cells, and therefore is of value in the differential diagnosis of undifferentiated neoplasms including melanoma and sarcoma. Vimentin can also serve as an internal control for formalin-fixed tissues that are over-fixed. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is a complex technique in which immunological and histological detection methods are combined. In general, the manipulation and processing of tissues before immunostaining, especially different types of tissue fixation and embedding, as well as the nature of the tissues themselves may cause inconsistent results (Nadji and Morales, 1983). Endogenous pseudoperoxidase and peroxidase activity or endogenous biotin and alkaline phosphatase activity can cause non-specific staining results depending on the detection system used. Tissues that contain Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) can produce false positives when using HRP detection systems (Omata et al, 1980). Insufficient contrast staining and/or improper mounting of the sample may influence the interpretation of results.
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