APAF1 (Apoptotic Protease-activating Factor 1, APAF-1, KIAA0413)

Apaf 1 (apoptosis protease-activating factor-1) is a key regulator of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, being the central element of the multimeric apoptosome. The apoptosome consists of cytochrome c, procaspase-9 and seven Apaf 1 monomers, and is considered to be core apoptotic machinery that executes mitochondria-dependent apoptosis. Cytochrome c, normally compartmentalized in the mitochondria, is released into the cytoplasm following apoptotic stimuli. Apaf 1 binds cytochrome c in the cytoplasm and in the presence of DTP/ATP forms the apoptosome. The apoptosome binds procaspase-9 and promotes its autocatalytic activation. Active caspase-9, in turn, activates downstream caspases including 3, 6, and 7 contributing to the proteolytic caspase activation cascade which leads to cell death. Apaf 1 is a ~130kD protein. Alternative Apaf 1 splicing isoforms of Apaf 1 have been identified in mammalian cells, each having either or both an 11aa insertion in the N-terminus and an additional WD40 repeat (43aa) in the C-terminus. Additionally, Apaf 1 can be proteolytically processed by active caspase-3 during apoptosis resulting in an Apaf 1 cleavage fragment of ~84kD. Applications: Suitable for use in Western Blot, Immunohistochemistry and Immunoprecipitation. Other applications not tested. Recommended Dilution: Western Blot: 1:1000-1:2000 Immunohistochemistry (formalin fixed paraffin embedded): 1:1000-1:5000 Immunoprecipitation: 1:50-1:200 Immunohistochemistry: Frozen Optimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher. Positive Control: Spleen, lymphoid, many cancer cell lines Storage and Stability: May be stored at 4 degrees C for short-term only. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20 degrees C. Aliquots are stable for at least 12 months. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap.