Apg12 (Autophagy-related 12, 4931423H11Rik, A330058M13Rik, Atg12, Apg12L, APG12-like, Atg12L, Autophagy-related protein 12)

Ubiquitin-like proteins fall into two classes: the first class, ubiquitin-like modifiers (UBLs) function as modifiers in a manner analogous to that of ubiquitin. Examples of UBLs are SUMO, Rub1 (also called Nedd8), Apg8 and Apg12. Proteins of the second class include parkin, RAD23 and DSK2, are designated ubiquitin-domain proteins (UDPs). These proteins contain domains that are related to ubiquitin but are otherwise unrelated to each other. In contrast to UBLs, UDPs are not conjugated to other proteins. In yeast, autophagy, the delivery of cytoplasmic components to the lysosome/vacuole for degradation, requires a ubiquitin-like protein conjugation system, in which Apg12 is covalently bound to Apg12-Apg5 and Apg16.\n\nApplications: \nSuitable for use in ELISA and Western Blot. Other applications not tested.\n\nRecommended Dilution:\nELISA: 1:1000-1:5000.\nWestern Blot: 1:2000.\nOptimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher.\n\nPositive Control: Most yeast cell lysates can be used as a positive control without induction or stimulation.\n\nStorage and Stability:\nMay be stored at 4 degrees C for short-term only. For long-term storage and to avoid repeated freezing and thawing, aliquot Store at -20 degrees C. Aliquots are stable for at least 12 months at -20 degrees C. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap. Further dilutions can be made in assay buffer.

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SPECIFICATIONS

Catalog Number

A2298-76E

Size

250ug

Applications

ELISA, WB

Hosts

Rabbit

Reactivities

Yeast/Fun

Form

Supplied as a liquid in PBS, pH 7.2, 0.1% sodium azide.

P Type

Pab

Purity

Purified

Isotype

IgG

References

Mizushima N et al. Mouse Apg16L, a novel WD-repeat protein, targets to the autophagic isolation membrane with the Apg12-Apg5 conjugate. J Cell Sci 116:1679-88 (2003). <PUBMED:12665549>Kuma A et al. Formation of the approximately 350-kDa Apg12-Apg5.Apg16 multimeric complex, mediated by Apg16 oligomerization, is essential for autophagy in yeast. J Biol Chem 277:18619-25 (2002). <PUBMED:11897782>Suzuki K et al. The pre-autophagosomal structure organized by concerted functions of APG genes is essential for autophagosome formation. EMBO J 20:5971-81 (2001). <PUBMED:11689437>Jentsch S & Pyrowolakis G Ubiquitin and its kin: how close are the family ties? Trends Cell Biol 10:335-42 (2000). <PUBMED:10884686>Mizushima N et al. A new protein conjugation system in human. The counterpart of the yeast Apg12p conjugation system essential for autophagy. J Biol Chem 273:33889-92 (1998). <PUBMED:9852036>Liakopoulos D et al. A novel protein modification pathway related to the ubiquitin system. EMBO J 17:2208-14 (1998). <PUBMED:9545234>

Additional Info

Species Crossreactivity: Crossreacts with S. cerevisiae.

Alternative Names

APG12, Autophagy-related Ubiquitin-like Modifier ATG12