In biopharmaceutical engineering and bioproduct production, the detection and control of process-related impurities are the core of product quality management. These impurities may include cell matrix (host residual proteins, host residual DNA), cell cultures (inducers, antibiotics, or culture medium components), and by-products produced in downstream processes. These impurities can not only affect the purity and efficacy of the product but also, in some cases, may pose potential safety risks.