Brefeldin A (g-4-Dihdyroxy-2-(6-hydroxy-1-heptenyl)-4-cyclopentanecrotonic Acid, ?-Lactone, BFA, Cyanein, Ascotoxin, Decumbin, Synergisidin, Nectrolide)

Brefeldin A (BFA) is a fungal metabolite demonstrated to reversibly interfere with anterograde transport from the endoplasmic reticulumto the Golgi apparatus (1,2). While initially isolated as an antibiotic (3), and does have a wide range of antibiotic activity, it is primarily used as a biological research tool for studying protein transport. Treatment leads to a rapid accumulation of proteins within the ER and collapse of the Golgi stacks. Treatment with BFA can also inhibit protein secretion (4) and prolonged exposure can induce apoptosis (5). The main target of BFA appears to be ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF), which is responsible for association of coat protein to the Golgi membrane (6,7). \n\nApplications:\nSuitable for use in Immunofluorescence. Other applications have not been tested. \n\nRecommended Dilutions: \nImmunofluorescence: 100ng/ml-10ug/ml. Inhibiton of ER to Golgi trafficking was observed as low as 100ng/ml and apoptosis was observed with prolonged treatment at 10ug/ml. \nOptimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher. \n\nStorage and Stability:\nLyophilized powder may be stored at -20 degrees C. Stable for 12 months at -20 degrees C. Reconstitute with DMSO or ethanol. Aliquot and store at -20 degrees C. Reconstituted product is stable for 6 months at -20 degrees C. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap.

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