CACO-2 was isolated from a primary colonic tumor in a 72-year-old Caucasian male using the explant culture technique. Upon reaching confluence, the cells express characteristics of enterocytic differentiation. Caco-2 cells express retinoic acid binding protein I and retinol binding protein II and are keratin positive. This cell line also expressed heat stable enterotoxin (Sta, E. coli) and epidermal growth factor (EGF). This cell line is tumorigenic in nude mice, form moderately well differentiated adenocarcinomas consistent with colonic primary (grade II).
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