CD38 (ADP Ribosyl Cyclase 1, Cyclic ADP Ribose Hydrolase 1, CADPr Hydrolase 1, Lymphocyte Differentiation Antigen CD38, T10) (Biotin)

The CD38 antigen is also known as T10 antigen. The CD38 antigen is a 45kD single-chain type II glycoprotein., It is an integral membrane protein with a long extracellular C-terminal domain, a single membrane-spanning region and a short N-terminal cytoplasmic tail. The CD38 antigen is expressed on a variety of hematopoietic cells. Its distribution depends on the state of the cell differentiation and the cell activation. In adults, the CD38 molecule is expressed on earlier stage of B lymphocyte ontogeny, lost during maturation and re-expressed upon terminal differentiation to plasma cells. This molecule is also strongly expressed on thymocytes. It is found at low density on resting T lymphocytes. It is expressed on the majority of resting NK cells and monocytes. It is also found on platelets and red blood cells. CD38 is widely used to study the processes of B and T differentiation and activation. Recently CD38 has been shown to possess ADP-ribosyl cyclase activity. The expression of CD38 is under the control of retinoic acid receptor (RAR)-alpha type of nuclear receptors. The CD38 protein was shown to be an ectoenzyme, catalyzing the synthesis of cyclic-ADP ribose (ADPR) from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. Cyclic ADPR is a potent inducer of calcium mobilization from intracellular pools, suggesting a role for CD38 in the signal transduction pathway. Ligation of the CD38 antigen with an agonistic antibody or its natural ligand (CD31) induced a strong mitogenic response and cytokine production in retinoic acid-treated APL and acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) cells. Because of its aberrant expression on retinoic acid-treated APL cells, it may be involved in retinoic acid syndrome pathogenesis. This syndrome is a fatal condition observed in retinoic acid-treated APL/AML patients. In the mouse CD38 is expressed by follicular B cells, is down regulated on germinal centre B cells, and not expressed by mature plasma cells. This pattern of expression contrasts strikingly with that seen in the human. Applications: Suitable for use in Flow Cytometry. Other applications not tested. Recommended Dilution: Flow Cytometry: 5ul labels 1x10e6 cells. Storage and Stability: May be stored at 4 degrees C for short-term only. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20 degrees C. Aliquots are stable for at least 12 months. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap.