Complement C4d

Complement factor C4 (MW 41kD), formerly known as Gg protein, consists of an alpha-, beta- and gamma-chain. The classical pathway of complement and the mannose binding lectin (MBL) activation pathway converge at C4. Activated C1, MASP-1 and MASP-2 cleave C4 resulting in the formation of C4a and C4b. The latter can be cleaved by factor I resulting in C4c and C4d, in which step all functional sites are lost. \nThe C4d activation fragment of C4 is an excellent marker for classical complement pathway and MBL pathway activation. The thioester formed between the side chains of Cys1010 and Gln1013 within the C4d region of the alpha-chain mediates covalent attachment to the target surface bearing activated forms of C1s or MASP.\nFurthermore, C4d is highly homologous to C3d with over 35% shared amino acid sequence. In a number of diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), hereditary angioedema (HAE), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and chronic urticaria with hypercomplementemia levels of C4d are significantly elevated in serum or plasma. C4d levels may also be elevated in plasma from patients with a variety of humoral autoimmune diseases in which complement activation is known to occur. Deposition of C4d in peritubular capillaries has been shown to be a sensitive marker for antibody-mediated (humoral) rejection in renal transplant biopsies.\n\nApplications:\nSuitable for use in ELISA, Western Blot and Immunohistochemistry. Other applications have not been tested. \n\nRecommended Dilutions: \nWestern Blot: 1:50\nImmunohistochemistry (frozen): 1:50\nOptimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher. \n\nStorage and Stability:\nMay be stored at 4 degrees C for short-term only. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20 degrees C. Aliquots are stable for 12 months. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap.

Prices direct from United States Biological

Quick response times

Exclusive Biosave savings/discounts

SPECIFICATIONS

Catalog Number

C7850-18K

Size

100ug

Applications

ELISA, IHC, WB

Hosts

Mouse

Reactivities

Hum, Bov, NHP, Prc

Form

Supplied as as liquid in PBS, 0.1% BSA, 0.02% sodium azide.

P Type

Mab

Purity

Purified by Protein G affinity chromatography.

References

1. Zwirner, J et al; Classical pathway of complement activation in normal and diseased human glomeruli. Kidney Int 1989, 36: 1069.2. Zwirner, J et al; Classical pathway of complement activation in mammalian kidneys. Immunology 1993, 80: 162. 3. Feucht, H et al; Capillary deposition of C4d complement fragment and early renal graft loss. Kidney Int 1993, 43: 1333.

Additional Info

Recognizes C4, C4b and C4d. Recognizes an epitope on the alpha 2 chain of C4d. Species Crossreactivity: human, porcine, bovine, baboon and rhesus monkey.