Gap junctions are transmembrane channels that serve to directly link neighboring cells by mediating the exchange of lowmolecular weight metabolites, ions, and second messengers. Gap junctions are formed by the interaction of connexons or hemichannels on adjacent cells. The connexon itself is composed of a hexameric assembly of proteins referred to as connexins. Connexins are highly homologous proteins encoded by a multigene family. The connexins exhibit similar structural features which include a cytoplasmic amino terminal region, four transmembrane domains, two extracellular loops, and a carboxy-terminal cytoplasmic tail of varying length. Modulation of gap junction communication can be achieved by multiple mechanisms and can occur very rapidly or over a period of several hours. These mechanisms include alterations in transcription, translation, stability, posttranslational processing (especially phosphorylation), gating, and insertion or removal from the plasma membrane. Interestingly, reduction or alterations in the levels or types of connexin expressed in a given cell type has been found to correlate with tumor progression and metastasis.
Applications:
Suitable for use in Western Blot and Immunohistochemistry. Other applications not tested.
Recommended Dilutions:
Western Blot: 0.5-1ug/ml detects Connexin 32 in cells and tissues.
Immunohistochemistry (Frozen): 1-2ug/ml detects Connexin 32 in formalin and acetone fixed tissues.
Optimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher.
Storage and Stability:
Lyophilized powder may be stored at -20 degrees C. Stable for 12 months at -20 degrees C. Reconstitute with sterile PBS. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20 degrees C. Reconstituted product is stable for 12 months at -20 degrees C. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap. Further dilutions can be made in assay buffer.
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