Cyclooxygenase (COX) also known as PTGS catalyzes the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandin H2 (PG), the common biosynthetic precursor to prostaglandins and thromboxane. The enzyme COX exists in two isoforms, encoded by distinct genes. COX-1 is constitutively expressed in most tissues, while COX-2 is primarily an inducible enzyme (constitutively expressed in brain and kidney), whose expression is activated in a variety of cells in response to cytokines, mitogens and endotoxins. COX2 exhibits 86%-89% aa sequence identity with mouse, rat, sheep, bovine, horse and rabbit PTGS2 proteins, respectively. It exists as homodimer with a molecular mass of approximately 70kD per monomer and each subunit composed of three distinct structural domains: a short N-terminal epidermal growth factor (EGF) domain; an alpha-helical membrane-binding motif; and a C-terminal catalytic domain. It acts as a major mediator of inflammation and plays a role in prostanoid signaling. It is expressed throughout the forebrain in discrete populations of neurons and is enriched in the cortex and hippocampus. The expression of Cox-2 gene is deregulated in epithelial tumors. The gene is mapped to human chromosome 1q25.2-q25.3.
Applications:
Suitable for use in ELISA and Western Blot. Other applications not tested.
Recommended Dilution:
Western Blot: 0.5-2ug/ml
ELISA: >1:32,000
Optimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher.
Positive Control:
H460
Storage and Stability:
May be stored at 4 degrees C for short-term only. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20 degrees C. Aliquots are stable for at least 12 months. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap.