Cyclin D

Activity of the cyclin-dependent kinases, cdk4 and cdk6, is regulated by T-loop phosphorylation, by the abundance of their cyclin partners, the D-type cyclins, and by association with cdk inhibitors of the Cip/Kip or INK family of proteins (1). In growing cells, the inactive ternary complex of cyclin D/cdk4 and p27 Kip1 requires extracellular mitogenic stimuli for the release and degradation of p27 concomitant with a rise in cyclin D levels to effect progression through the restriction point in a pRb-dependent entry into S-phase (2). The active complex of cyclin D/cdk4 targets the retinoblastoma protein for phosphorylation allowing the release of E2F transcription factors that activate G1Sphase gene expression (3). Levels of cyclin D protein drop upon withdrawal of growth factors through downregulation of its protein expression and through phosphorylation-dependent degradation (4). Of the three D cyclins, aberrant expression of cyclin D1 has been associated with many forms of cancer including B cell lymphomas and can directly contribute to oncogenesis by various mechanisms including gene translocation or amplification (2). Cyclin D1 also plays a critical role in mammary tissue maturation (5).\n\nApplications: \nSuitable for use in Western Blot and Immunoprecipitation. Other applications not tested.\n\nRecommended Dilution:\nWestern Blot: 1:2000\nImmunoprecipitation: 1:100\nOptimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher.\n\nStorage and Stability:\nMay be stored at 4 degrees C for short-term only. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20 degrees C. Aliquots are stable for at least 12 months. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap.

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