DNA methylation is significant for epigenetic regulation of gene expression, X chromosome inactivation, genomic imprinting, and development. Abberant methylation patterns are associated with certain human tumors and developmental abnormalities. In vertebrates, there are two types of DNA methyltransferase activities; de novo and maintenance types. Two DNA methyltransferases, Dnmt3a and Dnmt3b, are responsible for the creation of methylation patterns at an early stage of embryogenesis (de novo-type), while Dnmt1 is responsible for the maintenance of methylation patterns during replication. Dnmt1 favors to methylate the hemimethylated DNA and preferentially methylates one strand of the double-stranded DNA during its processive methylation.
This product, mouse Dnmt1 deleting the N-terminal 290 amino acid residues, was expressed using a baculovirus expression system and purified by Prof. S. Tajima and Dr. I. Suetake of Osaka University (ref.2).
Applications
1) In vitro metylation of cytosine residues in hemimethylated DNA at 5'
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