Eotaxin (CCL11, Chemokine CC Motif Ligand 11, Eosinophil Chemotactic Protein, MGC22554, SCYA11, Small Inducible Cytokine Subfamily A Member 11)

Eotaxin, a member of the beta (CC) chemokine family of inflammatory and immunoregulatory cytokines, was originally purified from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of guinea pigs sensitized by aerosol challenge with ovalbumin. Eotaxin has been found in three species (human, mouse, guinea pig), which share ~60% sequence homology. Mouse eotaxin also shows high sequence identity to the MCP family of cytokines. Mouse eotaxin cDNA 2 encodes a 97aa residue precursor protein from which the amino-terminal 23aa residues are cleaved to generate the 74aa residue mature mouse eotaxin. Mature mouse eotaxin has a predicted molecular mass of ~8.4kD. Eotaxin is a potent eosinophil activator and chemoattractor. As an activator, eotaxin is a mediator of inflammation by initiating actin polymerization intracellularly and inducing the production of reactive oxygen species. As a chemoattractant both in vivo and in vitro, eotaxin exhibits potent activity on eosinophils, but not mononuclear cells or neutrophils. Eotaxin has the ability to prime eosinophils for chemotaxis, direct their migration and to activate inflammatory activity. Eotaxin mRNA is expressed in a variety of tissues. Its expression is induced in cultured endothelial cells in response to IFN-gamma. Eotaxin mRNA is also induced in response to the trasplantation of IL-4-secreting tumor cells. A receptor for human eotaxin has been identified and found to be the third numbered receptor in the C-C chemokine subfamily of receptors (CCR-3). The mouse counterpart to human CCR-3 has also been isolated. This receptor for mouse eotaxin binds both mouse and human eotaxin with equal affinity. Applications: Suitable for use in ELISA, Western Blot and Neutralization. Other applications not tested. Recommended Dilution: ELISA: 0.5-1ug/ml. The detection limit is ~1.2ng/well. Western Blot: 1-2ug/ml. Band at ~8.4kD Neutralization: 10-30ug/ml Optimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher. Storage and Stability: May be stored at 4 degrees C for short-term only. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20 degrees C. Aliquots are stable for at least 12 months. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap.