Estrogen Receptor (ER)

The estrogen receptor (ER) is a ~67kD protein, originally described by Jensen and Jacobson, 1962 as a uterine protein which bound 3H-estradiol with high affinity. More than two decades later the cDNA encoding the human estrogen receptor was finally cloned and sequenced. The estrogen receptor gene consists of more than 140kb of genomic DNA divided into 8 exons, being translated into a protein with six functionally discrete domains, labeled A through F. The A/B domain of the estrogen receptor contains a constitutively active transcription activation function called TAF-1. Domain C contains two Cys4 zinc fingers, which form the core of the DNA binding domain; it also contains a weak constitutive dimerization activity. The zinc fingers interact with DNA, and the ER homodimer appears to bind most tightly to the palindromic estrogen response element (ERE) sequence GGATCNNNGATCC. The hinge domain D appears to be the location for binding by heat shock proteins. \n\nThe estrogen receptor is an important regulator of growth and differentiation in the mammary gland. Estrogens play an important role also in breast cancer development, although tumors often progress towards an autocrine growth. This hormone-independence and the incomplete correlation between ER-status and response to endocrine (tamoxifen) therapy may be explained by the presence of receptor variants with either constitutive transcriptional activity or a dominant negative inhibition of normal ER function. Many investigators have reported on the isolation of cDNAs which encode variant ER sequences. Many of these variants appear to be formed by errors in RNA splicing which result in one or more exons being lost during processing of the ER message.\n\nApplications: \nSuitable for use in Immunohistochemistry. Other applications not tested.\n\nRecommended Dilution:\nImmunohistochemistry(Paraffin): 1:200-1:400\nOptimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher.\n\nStorage and Stability:\nMay be stored at 4 degrees C for short-term only. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20 degrees C. Aliquots are stable for 12 months. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap.

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SPECIFICATIONS

Catalog Number

138549

Size

100ul

Applications

IHC

Hosts

Mouse

Reactivities

Hum

Form

Supplied as a liquid in 0.05% sodium azide.

P Type

Mab

Purity

Purified

Isotype

IgG1,k

References

1. Greene GL; Nolan C; Engler JP; Jensen EV. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1980, 77(9):5115-9. 2. Greene GL; Gilna P; Waterfield M; Baker A; Hort Y; Shine J. Science, 1986, 231(4742):1150-4. 3. Green S; Walter P; Greene G; Krust A; Goffin C; Jensen E; Scrace G; Waterfield M; Chambon P. Journal of Steroid Biochemistry, 1986, 24(1):77-83. 4. Green S; Chambon P. Nature, 1986, 324(6098):615-7. 5. Green S; Gronemeyer H; et al. Growth Factors and Oncogenes in Breast Cancer, 1987.

Additional Info

Recognizes human Estrogen receptor.