Factor XIII is a plasma protein that plays an important role in the final stages of blood coagulation and the regulation of fibrinolysis. The protein circulates in blood as a tetramer consisting of two alpha subunits, and two beta subunits, held together by noncovalent bonds. Thrombin that is generated during the blood coagulation cascade converts factor XIII from a proenzyme to factor XIIIa, a transglutaminase, in the presence of calcium ions and fibrin. Factor XIIIa then catalyzes the cross-linking between fibrin monomers and between fibrin and a2-plasmin inhibitor, leading to the formation of intermolecular e-(y-glutamyl) lysine bonds. These reactions result in a fibrin clot with considerable mechanical strength and an increase in resistance to proteolytic degradation by plasmin. The cross-linking of fibronectin to fibrin or to collagen is also catalyzed by factor XIIIa and this reaction appears to be important in wound healing. The protein also mediates adhesion of endothelial cells and inhibits capillary tube formation in fibrin. Deficiency of factor XIII results in a severe lifelong bleeding tendency, defective wound healing, and habitual abortion. Congenital factor XIII deficiency is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner.
Applications:
Suitable for use in Immunohistochemistry. Other applications not tested.
Recommended Dilution:
Immunohistochemistry (formalin fixed paraffin embedded): 1:25-1:50
Optimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher.
Positive Control:
Placenta
Storage and Stability:
May be stored at 4 degrees C for short-term only. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20 degrees C. Aliquots are stable for at least 12 months. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap.
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