GABA (Gamma-aminobutyric Acid), Conjugated

GABA is a major inhibitory neurotransmitter, the GABAergic transmission being terminated by the rapid Na+/Cl-dependent uptake through GABA transporters. It has been subdivided into neural and glial uptake systems on the basis of pharmacological properties. Recently, molecular cloning studies have identified multiple subtypes of GABA transporters (GAT1, GAT2, GAT3; and betaine GABA transporter (BGT-1). There is ~50% homology between various GABA transporter subtypes. GABA transporters are predicted to contain 12 potential transmembrane domains. The NH2 and COOH-termini are predicted to be intracellular. Two of the high affinity (Km~10 uM) rat GABA transporters (GAT2 and GAT3/GAT-B) share higher amino acid identity (68% and 65%, respectively) with the kidney betaine transporter than with GAT-1 (52% aa identity). GAT1 and GAT3 have been detected in various parts of the brain while GAT2 is found in many tissues. It appears that GAT1 and GAT3 are involved in distinct GABAergic transmission while GAT2 may be important in non-neural functions.\n\nApplications:\nSuitable for use in ELISA, Immunohistochemistry. Other applications not tested.\n\nRecommended Dilution:\nImmunohistochemistry: 1:2000-1:5000. Tested using the free floating PAP technique on rat hippocampus and cerebellum. The anti-conjugated GABA antibodies stains.\n\nSpecificity\nUsing a conjugate GABA-Glutaraldehyde-Protein, antibody specificity was performed with an ELISA test by competition experiments with the following compounds :\n\nCompound Cross-reactivity ratio (a)\nGABA-G-BSA 1\nb-Alanine-G-BSA 1/10,000\nGlycine-G-BSA 1/20,000\nD-Aspartate-G-BSA 1/> 100,000\nD-Glutamate-G-PPL 1/> 10,000\n\n(a) : GABA-G-BSA concentration/unconjugated or conjugated aminoacid concentration at half displacement;\nG = Glutaraldehyde\n\nStorage and Stability:\nMay be stored at 4 degrees C for short-term only. For long-term storage and to avoid repeated freezing and thawing, aliquot and add glycerol (40-50%). Freeze at -20 degrees C. Aliquots are stable for at least 12 months at -20 degrees C. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap. Further dilutions can be made in assay buffer.

Prices direct from United States Biological

Quick response times

Exclusive Biosave savings/discounts

SPECIFICATIONS

Catalog Number

G1015-05A

Size

100ug

Applications

ELISA, IHC

Hosts

Rabbit

Form

Supplied as a liquid in PBS, pH 7.2. No preservative added.

P Type

Pab

Purity

Antiserum previously preabsobed on protein carriers, and purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation and gel filtration.

Isotype

IgG

References

\no GEFFARD M., De FEUDIS F.V., VARGA V. and MANDEL P. Decreases in the binding of (3H) GABA and (3H) muscimol to particulate fraction of rat brain produced by human sera : some speculations. General Pharmacol., (1980) 11, 425-428.\no GAMRANI H., ONTENIENTE B., SEGUELA P., GEFFARD M. and CALAS A. Gamma-aminobutyric acid immunoreactivity in the rat hippocampus. A light and electron microscopic study with anti-GABA-antibodies. Brain Res., (1986) 364, 30-38.\no PEYRET D., GEFFARD M. and ARAN J.M. Gaba immunoreactivity in the primary nuclei of the auditory central nervous system. Hearing Research, (1986) 23, 115-121.\no LESCAUDRON L., SEGUELA P., GEFFARD M. and VERNA A. Effects of long term ethanol consumption on gabaergic neurons in the mouse hippocampus : a quantitative immunocytochemical study. Drug and alcohol dependence, (1986) 18, 377-384.\no RABHI M., ONTENIENTE B., KAH O., GEFFARD M. and CALAS A. Immunocytochemical study of the GABAergic innervation of the mouse pituitary by use of antibodies against gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Cell & Tissue Res., (1987) 247, 33-40.\no BUIJS R.M., VAN VULPEN E.H.S. and GEFFARD M. Ultrastructural localization of GABA in the supraoptic nucleus and neural lobe. Neuroscience, (1987) 20, 347-355.\no MAGOUL R., ONTENIENTE B., GEFFARD M. and CALAS A. Anatomical distribution and ultrastructural organization of the Gabaergic system in the rat spinal cord. An immunocytochemical study using anti-GABA antibodies. Neurosc., (1987) 20, 1001-1009.\no ONTENIENTE B., GEFFARD M., CAMPISTRON G. and CALAS A. An ultrastructural study of GABA-immunoreactive neurons and terminals in the septum of the rat. J. Neurosc., (1987) 7, 48-54.\no DENIZOT J.P., CLAUSSE S., ELEKES K., GEFFARD M., GRANT K., LIBOUBAN S., RAVAILLE-VERON M. and SZABO T. Convergence of electrotonic club endings, GABA and serotoninergic terminals on second order neurons of the electrosensory pathway in mormyrid fish, Gnathonemus petersii and Brienomyrus niger (Teleostei). Cell and Tissue Res., (1987) 249, 301-309.\no CAZALETS J.R., COURNIL I., GEFFARD M. and MOULINS M. Suppression of oscillatory activity in crustacean pyloric neurons : implication of GABAergic inputs. J. of Neurosc., (1987) 7, 2884-2893.\no KAH O., DUBOURG P., MARTINOLI M. G., RABHI M., GONNET F., GEFFARD M. and CALAS A. Central GABAergic innervation of the pituitary in goldfish : a radioautographic and immunocytochemical study at the electron microscope level. General and Comparative Endocrinol., (1987) 67, 324-332.\no KADURI A.J., MAGOUL A., LESCAUDRON L., CAMPISTRON G. and CALAS A. Immunocytochemical approach of GABAergic innervation of the mouse spinal cord using antibodies to GABA. J. HirnForch., (1987) 28, 349-355. \no ESCLAPEZ M., CAMPISTRON G., and TROTTIER S. Immunocytochemical localization and morphology of GABA-containing neurons in the prefrontal and frontoparietal cortex of the rat. Neurosc. Letters, (1987), 77, 131-136.\no EYBALIN M., PARNAUD C., GEFFARD M. and PUJOL R. Immunoelectron microscopy identifies several types of GABA-containing efferent synapses in the guinea-pig organ of corti. Neuroscience (1988), 24, 29-38.\no SCHIFFMANN S., CAMPISTRON G., TUGENDHAFT P., BROTCHI J., FLAMENT-DURAND J., GEFFARD M. and VANDERHAEGHEN. Immunocytochemical detection of GABAergic nerve cells in the human temporal cortex using a direct g-aminobutyric acid antiserum. Brain Res., (1988), 442, 270-278.\no GILON P., CAMPISTRON G., GEFFARD M. and REMACLE C. Immunocytochemical localization of GABA in endocrine cells of the rat entero-pancreatic system. Biology of the Cell. (1988), 62, 265-273.\no KAH O., DECAVEL C., RABHI M., MARTINOLI M.G., DUBOURG P., ONTENIENTE B., GEFFARD M. and CALAS A. GABAergic inervation of the median eminence-pituitary complex : a comparative immunocytochemical study in mammals and fish. Gen. Compar. Endocrinol., (1988), 69, 252-261.\no DECAVEL C., DUBOURG P., LEON-HENRI B., GEFFARD M. and CALAS A. Simultaneous immunogold labeling of GABAergic terminals and vasopressin-containing neurons in the rat paraventricular nucleus. Cell & Tissue Res., (1989), 255, 77-80.\no KITAHAMA K., SALLANON M., OKAMURA H., GEFFARD M. et JOUVET M. Cellules pr

Additional Info

Recognizes conjugated GABA. See additional crossreactivity data.