Ghrelin

Growth hormone (GH), produced and released from the anterior pituitary, controls body growth, carbohydrate-protein-lipid metabolism and water-electrolyte balance. GH secretagogues (GHSs) are synthetic compounds that are potent stimulators of GH release. GHSs, act through a novel orphan G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), the GHS receptor (GHS-R). Ghrelin ('ghre' is the Proto-Indo-European root of the word "grow") has been purified and identified from rat and human stomach as the endogenous ligand for the GHS-R. The rat and human mature Ghrelin (28-aa) are produced from 117 amino acids precursor. In rat stomach, a 28-aa Ghrelin and des-Gln14-Ghrelin (deletion of Gln14) are produced due to alternative splicing of Ghrelin mRNA. The activity of both Ghrelins is the same. However, des-Gln14-Ghrelin is only present in low amounts in the stomach, indicating that Ghrelin is the major active form. Ghrelin has an unusual modification at Ser3 residue that is n-octanoylated and it is essential for biological activity. Ghrelin is the first known example of a bioactive peptide modified by an acyl acid.\n\nRat Ghrelin is expressed in the stomach, small and large intestines, and brain regions (hypothalamic arcuate nucleus) that are involved the regulation of food intake. Both Ghrelin and GHS-R expression is detected in the heart, suggesting that Ghrelin might have some cardiovascular effects. Ghrelin administration stimulates GH secretion but also causes weight gain by increasing food intake and reduction in fat utilization and anti-Ghrelin IgG administration suppressed feeding.\n\nControl Peptide:\nG2033-75K\n\nApplications:\nSuitable for use in ELISA, Western Blot, Antibody Blocking. Other applications not tested.\n\nRecommended Dilution:\nWestern Blot: 1-10ug/ml using ECL. Full length ghrelin is ~3.5kD.\nELISA: 1:100,000 using 50-100ng control peptide/well.\nAntibody Blocking: Use 5-10ug of control peptide per 1ug antibody.\nOptimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher.\n\nStorage and Stability:\nMay be stored at 4 degrees C for short-term only. For long-term storage, store at -20 degrees C. Aliquots are stable for at least 12 months at -20 degrees C. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap. Further dilutions can be made in assay buffer.

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