Glucose Regulated Protein 94 (Grp94, gp96)

Glucose-regulated protein 94, also known as Grp94 or gp96, is an abundant resident endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lumenal stress protein which together with cytosolic Hsp90 belongs to the Hsp90 family of molecular chaperones. Grp94 and other resident soluble proteins of the ER such as members of the Ca(2+) binding protein subfamily (CaBP), CaBPI and CaBP2 as well as calreticulin, possess the COOH-terminal tetrapeptide Lys-Asp-Glu-Leu (KDEL) which is a sorting signal that is thought to lead to the retention of these proteins in the pre-Golgi compartments (1). Grp94 expression is upregulated by stress conditions such as lucose starvation and heat shock, which promote protein misfolding or unfolding (2). In addition to a homeostatic role in protein folding and assembly, Grp94 can function in the intracellular trafficking of peptides from the extracellular space to the MHC class I antigen processing pathway of antigen presentation cells (3,4). Grp94 and Hsp90 share high sequence identity and presumably identical adenosine nucleotide-dependent modes of regulation. Earlier data suggests that Hsp90 and Grp94 may differ in their nucleotide binding properties. The N-terminal domain of eukaryotic Hsp90 proteins contains a conserved adenosine nucleotide binding pocket which also serves as the inding site for the Hsp90 inhibitors geldanamycin and radicicol. However, the molecular basis for adenosine nucleotide-dependent regulation of Grp94remains to be established. Recent data has entified a ligand dependent regulation of Grp94 function and suggest a model whereby Grp94 function is regulated through a ligand-dependent conversion of Grp94 from an inactive to an active conformation (5, 6).\n\nCellular Localization: Endoplasmic reticulum\n\nApplications: \nSuitable for use in Immunofluorescence, Western Blot and Immunoprecipitation. Other applications not tested.\n\nRecommended Dilution:\nOptimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher.\n\nStorage and Stability:\nMay be stored at 4 degrees C for short-term only. For long-term storage and to avoid repeated freezing and thawing, aliquot Store at -20 degrees C. Aliquots are stable for at least 12 months at -20 degrees C. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap. Further dilutions can be made in assay buffer.

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SPECIFICATIONS

Catalog Number

G3057-40C

Size

100ul

Applications

IF, IP, WB

Hosts

Rat

Reactivities

Mouse, Rat, Ch/Bird

Form

Supplied as a liquid in PBS, pH 7.2, 0.05% sodium azide.

P Type

Mab

Purity

Ascites

Isotype

IgG2a

References

This product has been used in:Gething MJ & Sambrook J Protein folding in the cell. Nature 355:33-45 (1992). <PUBMED:1731198>Kulomaa MS et al. Amino acid sequence of a chicken heat shock protein derived from the complementary DNA nucleotide sequence. Biochemistry 25:6244-51 (1986). <PUBMED:3024703>Sargan DR et al. hsp108, a novel heat shock inducible protein of chicken. Biochemistry 25:6252-8 (1986). <PUBMED:3098286>Edwards DP et al. Structural analysis of chicken oviduct progesterone receptor using monoclonal antibodies to the subunit B protein. Biochemistry 23:4427-35 (1984). <PUBMED:6207857> Nauseef WM et al. Calreticulin functions as a molecular chaperone in the biosynthesis of myeloperoxidase. J Biol Chem 270:4741-7 (1995). <PUBMED:7876246>

Additional Info

Species Crossreactivity: Crossreacts with Rat, Mouse, bovine, Chicken and Hamster.Not yet tested in other species.