Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 differs from most serine/threonine kinases in that it is active in the absence of the action of signaling pathways. Two isoforms exist, GSK3 alpha and GSK3 beta. The function of GSK3 is to phosphorylate Glycogen Synthase and thereby inactivate it. Insulin action stimulates the PI3 Kinase pathway, resulting in Akt activation, which phosphorylates and inactivates GSK3. Glycogen Synthase is then rapidly dephosphorylated and activated. Other GSK3 substrates include Jun (on inhibitory sites), and eIF2B. Phosphorylation of Tau by GSK3 may relate to development of Alzheimer's disease. Phosphorylation state-specific antibodies directed against the Akt site (Ser21) on GSK3 are suitable for surrogate assays of the activation state of the pathway.
Applications:
Suitable for use in Western Blot and Immunoprecipitation. Other applications not tested.
Recommended Dilution:
Western Blot: 1:1000
Immunoprecipitation: 2-8ul
Optimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher.
Positive Control:
HEK293 cell lysate.
Storage and Stability:
May be stored at 4 degrees C for short-term only. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20 degrees C. Aliquots are stable for at least 12 months. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap.
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