Goat Anti-Human Factor IX polyclonal antibody for IEP, ELISA. Factor IX (F.IX, Christmas Factor) is a vitamin K-dependent glycoprotein produced in the liver. Plasma concentration of F.IX is normally around 5 µg/ml (87 nM) in plasma. The biological importance of F.IX is demonstrated in Haemophilia B (Christmas disease), an X-linked congenital bleeding disease resulting from a quantitative (low activity and low antigen) or qualitative (low activity and normal antigen) defect in F.IX function. In its proenzyme or zymogen form F.IX is a single chain molecule of 55,000 daltons. It contains two EGF-like domains and an amino-terminal domain containing 12 ?-carboxy-glutamic acid (Gla) residues. These Gla residues allow F.IX to bind divalent metal ions and participate in calcium-dependent binding interactions. The activation of F.IX occurs by limited proteolysis in the presence of calcium by activated factor XI (F.XIa) and/or by a complex of VIIa/tissue factor/phospholipid and activated Factor X between residues Arg146-Ala147 and between Arg180-Val181. The terminal activated product in either case is F.IXa?, a two-chain enzyme consisting of a heavy chain (28,000 daltons), a light chain (18,000 daltons) and an activation peptide product of 11,000 daltons. F.IX can also be cleaved into inactive products by thrombin and by elastase. The activity of F.IXa? in plasma is inhibited by antithrombin and this inhibition is accelerated 1000-fold in the presence of optimal concentrations of heparin.
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