Goat Anti-Human IL2 antibody for ELISA(Det), ICC/IF, WB. Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is a O-glycosylated, four alpha-helix bundle cytokine that has potent stimulatory activity for antigen-activated T cells. It is expressed by CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, gamma d T cells, B cells, dendritic cells, and eosinophils. Mature human IL-2 shares 56% and 66% aa sequence identity with mouse and rat IL-2, respectively. Human and mouse IL-2 exhibit cross-species activity. The receptor for IL-2 consists of three subunits that are present on the cell surface in varying preformed complexes. The 55 kDa IL-2 R alpha is specific for IL-2 and binds with low affinity. The 75 kDa IL-2 R beta, which is also a component of the IL-15 receptor, binds IL-2 with intermediate affinity. The 64 kDa common gamma chaingamma c/IL-2 R gamma, which is shared with the receptors for IL-4,-7,-9,-15, and-21, does not independently interact with IL-2. Upon ligand binding, signal transduction is performed by both IL-2 R beta b and gamma c. IL-2 is best known for its autocrine and paracrine activity on T cells. It drives resting T cells to proliferate and induces IL-2 and IL-2 R alpha synthesis. It contributes to T cell homeostasis by promoting the Fas-induced death of naïve CD4+ T cells but not activated CD4+ memory lymphocytes. IL-2 plays a central role in the expansion and maintenance of regulatory T cells, although it inhibits the development of Th17 polarized cells. Thus, IL-2 may be a key cytokine in the natural suppression of autoimmunity.
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