Directly measure both LSD1- and Jumonji-type HDM generated Formaldehyde.
Simple and rapid fluorescent detection of formaldehyde.
Formaldehyde is a common by-product formed in the oxidative demethylation of proteins, nucleic acids, and biological small molecules. Examples include histone demethylases (HDMs), and cytochrome P450 enzymes that demethylate drugs and other xenobiotic compounds. HDMs catalyze the site-specific demethylation of methyl-lysine residues in histones to regulate chromatin structure, gene expression, and other genomic functions. Lysine-specific HDMs were first discovered in 2004 and are currently among the most actively studied formaldehyde-producing enzymes. There are two known classes of HDMs: the flavin adenine nucleotide-dependent Lysine Specific Demethylase 1 (LSD1) family and the Fe(II)-dependent Jumonji C (JmjC) family. Although the LSD1 and JmjC HDMs employ different cofactors and catalytic mechanisms, both produce formaldehyde as a by-product of the demethylation reaction. Despite their biological importance, HDMs have proven difficult to quantitatively assay owing to their relatively low turnover numbers, hindering our understanding of their kinetic properties, substrate specificities, and reaction mechanisms.
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