The SHC gene encodes a signaling and transforming protein containing Src homology 2 and 3 (SH2 and SH3) domains. The SHC gene encodes 2 widely expressed overlapping proteins of 46 and 52 kD, both containing a C-terminal SH2 domain. Adjacent to the SH2 region is a glycine- and proline-rich region. The 2 proteins differ in their N terminals. SHC proteins are involved in mitogenic signal transduction and act by coupling growth factor receptors to the RAS signaling pathway. The protein encoded by the SHC1 gene is thought to act as an adaptor in many signal transduction pathways, for example, facilitating the activation of RAS proteins in response to a variety of factors. SHC proteins are rapidly associated with and phosphorylated by growth factor receptors with intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity.
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