IKK epsilon (IKKe)

The NF-kB/Rel transcription factors are present in the cytosol in an inactive state, complexed with the inhibitory IKB proteins (1-3). Most agents that activate NF-KB do so through a common pathway based on phosphorylation-induced, proteasome-mediated degradation of IKB (3-7). The key regulatory step in this pathway involves activation of a high molecular weight IKB kinase (IKK) complex, whose catalysis is generally carried out by three tightly associated IKK subunits. IKK alpha and IKK beta serve as the catalytic subunits of the kinase. IKK gamma serves as the regulatory subunit (8,9). Activation of IKK depends on phosphorylation; Ser177 and Ser181 in the activation loop of IKK beta (176 and 180 in IKK alpha) are the specific sites whose phosphorylation causes conformational changes resulting in kinase activation (10-13). Recently, two homologs of IKK alpha and IKK beta have been described, called IKK epsilon (also known as IKK-i) and TBK-1 (also known as T2K or NAK), and activation of either of these kinases results in NF-kB activation. IKK epsilon contains the kinase domain in its amino terminus, which shares 30% identity to that of IKK alpha or IKK beta. IKK epsilon is expressed mainly in immune cells, and may play a special role in the immune response (14-18).\n\nApplications: \nSuitable for use in Western Blot. Other applications not tested.\n\nRecommended Dilutions:\nWestern Blot: 1:1000\nOptimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher.\n\nStorage and Stability:\nMay be stored at 4 degrees C for short-term only. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20 degrees C. Aliquots are stable for at least 12 months. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap.

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SPECIFICATIONS

Catalog Number

I3000-61B

Size

100ul

Applications

WB

Hosts

Rabbit

Reactivities

Hum, Mouse, Rat

Form

Supplied in 10mM sodium HEPES, pH 7.5, 150mM sodium chloride, 0.1mg/ml BSA, 50% glycerol.

P Type

Pab

Purity

Purified by peptide affinity chromatography.\n

Isotype

IgG

References

1. Baeuerle, P.A. et al. (1988) Science 242, 540-546. 2. Beg, A.A. et al. (1993) Genes Dev. 7, 2064-2070. 3. Finco, T.S. et al. (1994) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91, 11884-11888. 4. Brown, K. et al. (1995) Science 267, 1485-1488. 5. Brockman, J.A. et al. (1995) Mol. Cell. Biol. 15, 2809-2818. 6. Traenckner, E.B. et al. (1995) EMBO J. 14, 2876-2883. 7. Chen, Z.J. et al. (1996) Cell 84, 853-862. 8. Zandi, E. et al. (1997) Cell 91, 243-252. 9. Karin, M. et al. (1999) Oncogene 18, 6867-6874. 10. DiDonato, J.A. et al. (1997) Nature 388, 548-554. 11. Mercurio, F. et al. (1997) Science 278, 860-866. 12. Johnson, L.N. et al. (1996) Cell 85, 149-158. 13. Delhase, M. et al. (1999) Science 284, 309-313. 14. Shimada, T. et al. (1999) Int. Immunol. 11, 1357-1362. 15. Peters, R.T. et al. (2000) Mol. Cell. 5, 513-522. 16. Tojima, Y. et al. (2000) Nature 404, 778-782. 17. Bonnard, M. et al. (2000) EMBO J. 19, 4976-4985. 18. Peters, R.T. and Maniatis, T. (2001) Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1471, 57-62.

Additional Info

Recognizes endogenous levels of total human IKK epsilon at ~80kD. Does not crossreact with other IKKs or with TBK1/NAK. Species Crossreactivity: mouse and rat