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Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is produced primarily by activated T-cells and mast cells. It is synthesized as a 153 amino acid peptide from which a 24 amino acid signal sequence is cleaved to form the mature protein. IL-4 increases proliferation of B-cells in response to LPS or anti-IgM, and increases the expression of class II MHC antigens, the IgE receptor, and the IL-4 receptor on B-cells. IL-4 inhibits NK cell activation and proliferation as well as IL-2-induced LAK activation. The biological effects of IL-4 are mediated by a high-affinity cell surface receptor complex consisting of (alpha) and (gamma)c subunits, of which the (gamma)c subunit is a component of the IL-2, IL-7, and IL-15 receptors and the (alpha) subunit which can be complexed with the IL-13(alpha) receptor. A soluble IL-4 receptor which binds IL-4 with high affinity in solution has been identified in human and mouse. Potent anti-tumor activity of IL-4 has been observed in murine tumor models. Cayman's IL-4 (human) EIA Kit is an immunometric (i.e., sandwich) EIA that permits IL-4 measurements within the range of 0-2,000 pg/ml, typically with a limit of detection of 31 pg/ml. This assay provides a method for the sensitive, specific analysis of IL-4 in serum, plasma, or cell culture media. |