K+ Channel Blocker Explorer Kit

K⁺ Channel Blocker Explorer Kit.

K⁺ selective channels are some of the most widespread ion trafficking molecules in living organisms, with more than 70 genes encoding different K⁺ channels in humans. K_v channels fall into one of the two classical categories of delayed rectifier (DR) and A-type.
Delayed rectifier was the original name attributed to voltage-dependent K⁺ channels due to their delayed activation in squid giant axons.
A-type channels are low voltage-activated, fast inactivating (therefore, transient) K⁺ channels. Ca²⁺ dependent K⁺ (KCa) channels were first divided according to their single channel conductance, which represents the speed by which the K⁺ passes via the open channel. The first group consists of small and intermediate conductance channels (SK and IK respectively, the KCNN gene family).
The second group is comprised of large/big conductance channels (called BKCa or maxiK, encoded by the slo or KCNMA1 gene).
Inwardly rectifying K⁺ (Kir) channels have diverse physiological functions depending on their type and their location. To date, 15 Kir subunit genes have been identified and classified into seven subfamilies (Kir1 to Kir7). These subfamilies can be categorized into four functional groups: 1) classical Kir channels (Kir2.x), 2) G-protein gated Kir channels (Kir3.x), 3) ATP-sensitive K⁺ channels (Kir6.x), and 4) K⁺-transport channels (Kir1.x, Kir4.x, Kir5.x, and Kir7.x).
Specific peptide toxins and 37-reagents are often used to dissect the particular contribution of K⁺ channels to native currents.

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