Interleukin 21 (IL-21) is a potent immunomodulatory cytokine produced mainly by NKT and CD4+ T-cells, particularly the inflammatory Th17 subset. Mouse IL-21 is a 146-amino acid protein with 57% identity to the human homolog. It contains a 24-amino acid signal peptide and a 4-helix-bundle cytokine domain homologous to IL-2, IL-4 and IL-15. IL-21 is a type I cytokine whose receptor is most closely related to the IL-2 receptor and is expressed on T, B, and NK cells. Functionally, IL-21 has pleiotropic effects on both innate and adaptive immune responses. The biological effects of IL-21 include induction of differentiation of T-cell-stimulated-B-cells into plasma cells and memory B-cells, stimulation (in conjunction) with IL-4 of IgG production and induction of apoptotic effects in naïve B-cells. Additionally, IL-21 promotes the anti-tumor activity of CD8+ T-cells and NK cells. Recent studies have shown that IL-21 is also an autocrine cytokine that potently induces Th17 differentiation and suppresses Foxp3 expression, and serves as a target for treating inflammatory diseases.The BioLegend LEGEND MAX(TM) ELISA kit is a sandwich Enzyme-LinkedImmunosorbent Assay (ELISA) with 96-well plates that are Pre-coated with a capture antibody.The BioLegend LEGEND MAX(TM) ELISA kits with pre-coated plates are specifically designed for the accurate quantitation of analytes from cell culture supernatant, serum, plasma or other body fluids. All kit reagents are ready to use and analytically validated. The kit is for research use only.
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