Nigericin (Polyetherin A, Azalomycin M, Helixin C, Antiotic K 178, Antibiotic X 464, Pandavir)

Nigericin is a polyether antibiotic produced by Streptomyces isolated in the 1950s, notably S. hygroscopicus. Its complex structure was finally elucidated in 1968. Nigericin is an ionophore, possessing a very high affinity for monovalent cations such as Na+ and K+. Nigericin disrupts membrane potential and Golgi apparatus in mitochondria. Although nigericin can be isolated as the free acid (under acidic conditions), like most ionophores it is extracted into organic solvents and is most conveniently isolated as a salt. In vitro, nigericin has a broad biological profile activity against Gram positive bacteria, fungi, tumor cell lines and some viruses, including HIV. Nigericin is the most common member of the polyether class which are common false positives in in vitro screening bioassays using crude microbial extracts. They are thus important standards for dereplication. \n\nSource: Streptomyces hygroscopicus \n\nApperance: White powder\n\nSolubility: Soluble in DMSO, partially soluble in methanol and methanol, poor water solubility\n\nStorage and Stability:\nMay be stored at 4 degrees C for short-term only. For long-term storage store at -20 degrees C. Aliquots are stable for at least 12 months at -20 degrees C. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap. Further dilutions can be made in assay buffer.

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SPECIFICATIONS

Catalog Number

N2566-90

Size

5mg

Purity

~98%

References

1. Nigericin, a new crystalline antibiotic from an unidentified streptomyces. Harned R.L. et al., Antibiot. Chemother. 1951, 1, 594. 2. The structure of nigericin. Steinrauf L.K. et al., Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 1968, 33, 29. 3. Nigericin-induced Na+/H+ and K+/H+ exchange in synaptosomes: effect on [3H]GABA release. Rodriguez R. & Sitges M., Neurochem. Res. 1996, 21, 889. 4. Nigericin inhibits accumulation of the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein but not steroidogenesis. King S.R. et al., Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 2000, 166, 147. 5. Nigericin inhibits insulin-stimulated glucose transport in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Chu C.Y. et al., J. Cell. Biochem. 2002, 85, 83. 6. Inhibitory effects of polyethers on human immunodeficiency virus replication. Nakamura M., Antimicrob. Ag. Chemother. 1992, 36, 492.