Norfloxacin is a synthetic chemotherapeutic agent[1][2] occasionally used to treat common as well as complicated urinary tract infections.[3] It is sold under various brand names with the most common being Noroxin. In form of ophthalmic solutions it is known as Chibroxin. Norfloxacin is a second generation synthetic fluoroquinolone (quinolone) developed by Kyorin Seiyaku K.K. (Kyorin).[4]
The licensed uses for norfloxacin are quite limited as norfloxacin is to be considered a drug of last resort when all other antibiotics have failed. There are currently only three approved uses in the adult population[5] (one of which is restricted[6]) and the other ineffective due to bacterial resistance. Chibroxin[7] (ophthalmic) is approved for use in children older than one year of age.
Norfloxacin interacts with a number of other drugs, as well as a number of herbal and natural supplements. Such interactions increase the risk of anticoagulation and the formation of non-absorbable complexes, as well as increasing the risk of toxicity.[8]
Norfloxacin is associated with a number of serious and life threatening adverse reactions as well as spontaneous tendon ruptures and irreversible peripheral neuropathy. Such reactions may manifest long after therapy had been completed and in severe cases may result in life long disabilities. Hepatoxicity resulting in fatalities has also been reported with the use of norfloxacin.
Melting Point:
210-211 degrees C
Solubility:
DMSO, Methanol (sparingly)
Method for determining Identity:
Proton NMR Spectroscopic Analysis
TLC Conditions:
SiO2; Methanol: NH4OH; 9:1; Visualized with UV and AMCS; Single spot; Rf=0.3
Storage and Stability:
May be stored at RT for short-term only. Long-term storage is recommended at -20 degrees C. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial prior to removing the cap.
Toxicity and Hazards:
Due to the potential danger associated with the use of some of United States Biological biochemicals, all products should be handled by qualified personnel only, trained in laboratory procedures, and familiar with potential hazards. Information is not available on the possible hazards of many experimental compounds. The absence of a warning must not be interpreted as indication of safety. The ultimate responsibility for the proper handling of any and all chemicals lies with the user. All goods sold by United States Biological carry the condition that liability for any injury, loss or damage whatsoever to persons or real property resulting from the handling of the said goods lies with the user. Acceptance of our goods binds the customer to these terms.
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