PDGFs are disulfide-linked dimers consisting of two 12-13.5kD polypeptide chains, designated PDGF-A and PDGF-B chains. The three naturally occurring PDGFs (PDGF-AA, PDGF-BB and PDGF-AB) are potent mitogens for a variety of cell types including smooth muscle cells, connective tissue cells, bone and cartilage cells, and some blood cells. The PDGFs are stored in platelet -granules and are released upon platelet activation. The PDGFs are involved in a number of biological processes, including hyperplasia, chemotaxis, embryonic neuron development, and respiratory tubule epithelial cell development. Two distinct signaling receptors used by PDGFs have been identified and named PDGFR- and PDGFR- . PDGFR- is high-affinity receptor for each of the three PDGF forms. On the other hand, PDGFR- interacts with only PDGF-BB and PDGF-AB. Recombinant human PDGF-AB is a 25.5kD disulfide-linked dimer, consisting of one A chain and one B chains (234 total amino acids).
Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) was discovered as a major mitogenic factor present in serum but absent from plasma. It was found to be secreted from the a-granules of platelets activated during the coagulation of blood to form serum. PDGF is a dimeric combination of two distinct but structurally related peptide chains designated A and B. The dimeric isoforms PDGF-AA, AB and BB are differentially expressed in various cell types and their effects are mediated through two distinct receptors, termed a and b. Differences exist in isoform binding to each receptor. In general, PDGF isoforms are potent mitogens for connective tissue cells, including dermal fibroblasts, glial cells, arterial smooth muscle cells and some epithelial and endothelial cells. In addition to its activity as a mitogen, PDGF is chemotactic for fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells, neutrophils and mononuclear cells. Other reported activities for PDGF include stimulation of granule release by neutrophils and monocytes, facilitation of steroid synthesis by Leydig cells, stimulation of neutrophil phagocytosis, inhibition of natural killer (NK) cell activity, stimulation of collagen synthesis, modulation of thrombospondin expression and secretion, stimulation of collagenase activity and secretion, induction of contraction of rat aorta strips in vitro, and transient induction of T cell IL-2 secretion accompanied by a down-regulation of IL-4 and IFN-y production, temporary effects that may allow clonal expansion of antigen-activated B and T helper lymphocytes prior to differentiation. PDGF also appears to be ubiquitous in neurons throughout the CNS, where it is suggested to play an important role in neuron survival and regeneration, and in mediation of glial cell proliferation and differentiation.
Biological Activity:
Human PDGF-AB is fully biologically active when compared to standards. The ED50 as determined by the dose-dependent stimulation of proliferation of Balb/c 3T3 cells. The expected ED50 for this effect is 1-3ng/ml.
Responding Cells (partial list): Fibroblasts, connective tissue
Concentration Range: 0.2-10ng/ml for most in vitro applications.
AA Sequence :
alpha chain: MSIEEAVPAV CKTRTVIYEI PRSQVDPTSA NFLIWPPCVE VKRCTGCCNT SSVKCQPSRV HHRSVKVAKV EYVRKKPKLK EVQVRLEEHL ECACATTSLN PDYREEDTGR PRESGKKRKR KRLKPT
beta chain: MSLGSLTIAE PAMIAECKTR TEVFEISRRL IDRTNANFLV WPPCVEVQRC SGCCNNRNVQ CRPTQVQLRP VQVRKIGIVR KKPIFKKATV TLGDHLACKC ETVAAARPVT
Storage and Stability:
Lyophilized powder may be stored at -20 degrees C. Stable for 12 months at -20 degrees C. Reconstitute with 10mM Acetic Acid, 0.1% BSA or HSA . Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20 degrees C. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap. Further dilutions can be made in assay buffer.
Country of Origin: USA
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