Scientific background: |
Vitronectin (VTN)also known as complement S-protein, serum spreading factor and somatomedin B is a
protein that in humans is encoded by the VTN gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a member of
the pexin family. Vitronectin is an abundant glycoprotein found in serum and the extracellular matrix and
promotes cell adhesion and spreading, inhibits the membrane-damaging effect of the terminal cytolytic
complement pathway, and binds to several serpin serine protease inhibitors. Vitronectin is a 75 kDa
glycoprotein, consisting of 459 amino acid residues. By use of high resolution fluorescence in situ
hybridization (FISH), Fink et al. (1992) mapped the VTN gene to 17q11. The localization was confirmed
by cohybridization with a centromere-specific alphoid probe. About one-third of the protein's molecular
mass is composed of carbohydrates. It is a secreted protein and exists in either a single chain form or a
clipped, two chain form held together by a disulfide bond. Vitronectin has been speculated to be involved
in hemostasis and tumor malignancy. |
References: |
1. Fink, T. M., Jenne, D. E., Lichter, P.The human vitronectin (complement S-protein) gene maps to the
centromeric region of 17q.Hum. Genet. 88: 569-572, 1992.
2. Kubota, K., Katayama, S., Matsuda, M., Hayashi, M.Three types of vitronectin in human blood.Cell
Struct. Funct. 13: 123-128, 1988.
3. Preissner, K. T., Heimburger, N., Anders, E., Muller-Berghaus, G.Physicochemical, immunological and
functional comparison of human S-protein and vitronectin: evidence for the identity of both plasma
proteins.Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 134: 951-956, 1986. |