S100 Protein

Calbindins are Ca-binding proteins belonging to the troponin C superfamily. There are two types of CaBPs: the "trigger"- and the "buffer"-CaBPs. The conformation of "trigger" type CaBPs changes upon Ca2+ binding and exposes regions on protein that interact with target molecules, thus altering their activity. The buffer-type CABP are thought to control the intracellular calcium concentration. S100 protein or Ca-binding protein A1/S100A1 is also a member of low mol wt, cytoplasmic, calcium binding troponin family. It is produced in the brain, muscle, and heart and a wide variety of normal and tumor cells. S100 has two subunits: S100-alpha (mouse/rat/human 94 aa, chromosome 1q21) and S100-beta (mouse, rat/human 92 aa chromosome 21q22.2-q22.3) that forms either homodimer (alpha-alpha known as S-100a(0) or beta-beta known as S-100b) and heterodimers (known as S-100a) of ~21kD. S100 alpha and beta chains show ~58% sequence identity. 9 different genes for S100 have been assigned on chromosome 21 namely S100A1-S1009. S-100 contains 2 EF-hand domains. S100A1 improves cardiac contractile performance both by regulating sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca ion handling myofbirilar Ca-ion responsiveness. Leakage of S100 protein by glial cells into the extracellualr matrix, CSF and serum are useful in monitoring traumatic brain injury.\n\nApplications: \nSuitable for use in Immunofluorescence, ELISA, Western Blot and Immunohistochemistry. Other applications not tested.\n\nRecommended Dilution:\nWestern Blot: 1:2000-5000 ECL. S100 protein (bovine and human) is ~21kD. \nELISA: 1:10,000-1:100,000 \nImmunohistochemistry/Immunofluorescence: 1:50-1:100 in indirect staining of formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded tissue section.\nOptimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher.\n\nPositive Control for Western Blot (Human): S0052-10B\n\nStorage and Stability:\nMay be stored at 4 degrees C for short-term only. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20 degrees C. Aliquots are stable for 12 months. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap.

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SPECIFICATIONS

Catalog Number

S0052-10A

Size

50ug

Applications

ELISA, WB

Hosts

Rabbit

Reactivities

Hum, Rat, Bov

Form

Supplied as a liquid in PBS, pH 7.5, 0.1% BSA.

P Type

Pab

Purity

Purified by immunoaffinity chromatography.

Isotype

IgG

References

1. Engelkamp D et al (1993) PNAS 90, 6547-6551; 2. Herrera GA et al (1988) Am. J. Pathol. 89, 168-176; 3. Isobe T et al (1978) J. Neurochem. 30, 921-923; 4. Morri K et al (1991) BBRC 175, 185-191; 5. Most P et al (2001) PNAS 98, 13889-13894; 6. Schafer BW et al (1995) Genomics 25, 638-643

Additional Info

Recognizes bovine S100 Protein. No significant reactivity is seen with other CABPs. Species Crossreactivity: rat and human S100 intact or alpha and beta chains in both neural and non-neural tissues.