Thioredoxin Reductase 1 (Thioredoxin Reductase 1, Cytoplasmic, TR, Gene Associated with Retinoic and Interferon-induced Mortality 12 Protein, GRIM-12, Gene Associated with Retinoic and IFN-induced Mortality 12 Protein, KM-102-derived Reductase-like Factor

The mammalian thioredoxin reductases (TrxRs) are a family of selenocysteine-containing pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxido-reductases. All the mammalian TrxRs are homologous to glutathione reductase with respect to primary structure including the conserved redox catalytic site (-Cys-Val-Asn-Val-Gly-Cys-) but distinctively with a C-terminal extension containing a catalytically active penultimate selenocysteine (SeCys) residue in the conserved sequence(-Gly-Cys-SeCys-Gly). TrxR is homodimeric protein in which each monomer includes an FAD prosthetic group, a NADPH binding site and a redox catalytic site. Electrons are transferred from NADPH via FAD and the active-site disulfide to C-terminal SeCys-containing redox center, which then reduces the substrate like thioredoxin. The members of TrxR family are 55-58 kilodalton in molecular size and composed of three isoforms including cytosolic TrxR1,mitochondrial TrxR2, and TrxR3, known as Trx and GSSG reductase (TGR). TrxR plays a key role in protection of cells against oxidative stress and redox-regulatory mechanism of transcription factors and various biological phenomena.\n\nApplications:\nSuitable for use in ELISA, Western Blot, and Immunoprecipitation. Other applications not tested.\n\nRecommended Dilution:\nWestern Blot: 1:1,000\nImmunoprecipitation: 1-2ul/400ul lysates.\nOptimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher.\n\nPositive Control: \nHeLa cell lysates \n\nStorage and Stability:\nMay be stored at 4 degrees C for short-term only. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20 degrees C. Aliquots are stable for at least 12 months. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap.

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