Toll-like receptors (TLR) are highly conserved throughout evolution and have been implicated in the innate defense to many pathogens. In Drosophila toll is required for the anti-fungal response, while the related 18-wheeler is involved in antibacterial defenses. In mammals, TLR identified as type I transmembrane signalling receptors with pattern recognition capabilities, have been implicated in the innate host defense to pathogens. As investigated so far all functional characterized TLR signal via the TLR/IL-1 receptor (IL-1R) pathway where recruitment of MyD88 seems to be essential. Viral replication within infected cells results in generation of dsRNA which can stimulate immune cells. Recent data show that TLR3 (CD283) acts as a receptor involved in the recognition of dsRNA, indicating a role for TLR3 in viral recognition and innate defense.
Applications:
Suitable for use in ELISA, Western Blot, Immunocytochemistry and Immunohistochemistry. Other applications not tested.
Recommended Dilution:
Western Blot: 1-2ug/ml
Immunohistochemistry (Formalin fixed paraffin embedded): 5ug/ml
Optimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher.
Storage and Stability:
May be stored at 4 degrees C for short-term only. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20 degrees C. Aliquots are stable for at least 12 months. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap.
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