Toll-like Receptor 2 (TLR, TLR2, TNF Superfamily Member 2)

Members of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family, named for the closely related Toll receptor in Drosophila, play a pivotal role in innate immune responses (1-4). TLRs recognize conserved motifs found in various pathogens and mediate defense responses (5-7). Triggering of the TLR pathway leads to the activation of NF-kB and subsequent regulation of immune and inflammatory genes (4). The TLRs and members of the IL-1 receptor family share a conserved stretch of approximately 200 amino acids known as the Toll/Interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domain (1). Upon activation, TLRs associate with a number of cytoplasmic adaptor proteins containing TIR domains, including myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), MyD88-adaptor-like/TIR-associated protein (MAL/TIRAP), Toll-receptor-associated activator of interferon (TRIF), and Toll-receptor-associated molecule (TRAM) (8-10). This association leads to the recruitment and activation of IRAK1 and IRAK4, which form a complex with TRAF6 to activate TAK1 and IKK (8,11-14). Activation of IKK leads to the degradation of IkB, which normally maintains NF-kB in an inactive state by sequestering it in the cytoplasm.\nTLR2 is expressed on the surface of monocytes and macrophages and can heterodimerize with TLR1 or TLR6, enabling responses to a variety of pathogen-associated molecular patterns including lipopetides and peptidoglycan (15-18).\n\nApplications: \nSuitable for use in Western Blot and Immunoprecipitation. Other applications not tested.\n\nRecommended Dilution:\nWestern Blot: 1:1000. Incubate membrane with diluted antibody in 5% w/v BSA, 1X TBS, 0.1% Tween-20 at 4 degrees C with gentle shaking, overnight.\nImmunoprecipitation: 1:100\nOptimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher.\n\nStorage and Stability:\nMay be stored at 4 degrees C for short-term only. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20 degrees C. Aliquots are stable for 12 months. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap.

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SPECIFICATIONS

Catalog Number

137505

Size

100ul

Applications

IP, WB

Hosts

Rabbit

Reactivities

Hum

Form

Supplied in 10mM sodium HEPES, pH 7.5, 150mM NaCl, 100ug/ml BSA, 50% glycerol and <0.02% sodium azide.

P Type

Mab

Purity

Purified.

Isotype

IgG

References

1. Akira, S. (2003) J Biol Chem 278, 38105-8. 2. Beutler, B. (2004) Nature 430, 257-63. 3. Dunne, A. and O'Neill, L.A. (2003) Sci STKE 2003, re3. 4. Medzhitov, R. et al. (1997) Nature 388, 394-7. 5. Schwandner, R. et al. (1999) J Biol Chem 274, 17406-9. 6. Takeuchi, O. et al. (1999) Immunity 11, 443-51. 7. Alexopoulou, L. et al. (2001) Nature 413, 732-8. 8. Zhang, F.X. et al. (1999) J Biol Chem 274, 7611-4. 9. Horng, T. et al. (2001) Nat Immunol 2, 835-41. 10. Oshiumi, H. et al. (2003) Nat Immunol 4, 161-7. 11. Muzio, M. et al. (1997) Science 278, 1612-5. 12. Wesche, H. et al. (1997) Immunity 7, 837-47. 13. Suzuki, N. et al. (2002) Nature 416, 750-6. 14. Irie, T. et al. (2000) FEBS Lett 467, 160-4. 15. Takeuchi, O. et al. (2002) J Immunol 169, 10-4. 16. Schwandner, R. et al. (1999) J Biol Chem 274, 17406-9. 17. Lien, E. et al. (1999) J Biol Chem 274, 33419-25. 18. Ozinsky, A. et al. (2000) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 97, 13766-71.

Additional Info

Recognizes endogenous levels of total human TLR2.