Staphylococcal and streptococcal exotoxins, including staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 (TSST-1), staphylococcal enterotoxin (SE) and streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin (SPE) are pathogenic in humans and experimental animals. These microbial products are members of a family of structurally related bacterial superantigens that bind to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules on antigen-presenting cells and to the T cell receptor (TCR) bearing specific V elements. This leads to massive proliferation of T cells and release of proinflammatory cytokines that is held responsible for the life-threatening toxic shock syndrome. Although TSST-1 demonstrates very little primary amino acid sequence homology to the other bacterial superantigens, the crystal structures reveal striking similarities in conformational architecture and key protein folds. Vaccination studies in mice with TSST-1 showed protection to SEA, SEB, or SEC1, which supports that common antigenic epitope(s) exist between TSST-1 and these other staphylococcal superantigens.
Applications:
Suitable for use in ELISA. Other applications not tested.
Recommended Dilution:
Optimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher.
Storage and Stability:
Lyophilized powder may be stored at -20 degrees C. Reconstitute with sterile ddH2O, sterile 40-50% glycerol, aliquot and store at -20 degrees C. Reconstituted product is stable for 12 months at -20 degrees C. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap. Further dilutions can be made in assay buffer.
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