Cardiac Troponin T, a 36kD protein, is the tropomyosin binding subunit of the troponin complex, which is located on the thin filament of striated muscles and regulates muscle contraction in response to alterations in intracellular calcium ion concentration. Mutations within the protein have been associated with familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy as well as with dilated cardiomyopathy. Transcripts for the gene undergo alternative splicing that results in many tissue specific isoforms.
Troponin, working in conjunction with tropomyosin, functions as a molecular switch, regulating muscle contraction in response to changes in the intracellular Ca2+ concentration. Troponin consists of three subunits, the Ca2+-binding subunit troponin C (TnC), the tropomyosin-binding subunit troponin T (TnT), and the inhibitory subunit troponin I (TnI). Troponin I binds to actin in thin myofilaments to hold the actin-tropomyosin complex in place, because of which myosin cannot bind to actin in relaxed muscle. When Calcium binds to the Troponin C it causes certain confomational changes which leads to dislocation of troponin I. The letter
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