T cells play a vital role in destroying pathogens and monitoring pathological cells. They are able to distinguish between self-antigens and non-self-antigens by surface T cell receptors (TCRs). Most human T cells express the classical TCRs, which consists of TCR? and TCR? chains co-expressed with CD3 chains (?, ?, ?, and ?). The TCR? and TCR? chains are composed of a variable (V) and a constant (C), respectively. The V? chain is encoded by V and joining (J) gene segments (TRAV and TRAJ), while the V? chain
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