Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF a, TNFa, TNF-a, APC1, Cachectin, Differentiation Inducing Factor, DIF, Macrophage Cytotoxic Factor, MCF, Necrosin, TNF Macrophage-derived, TNF Monocyte-derived, Tumor Necrosis Factor Ligand Superfamily Member 2, TNF Superf

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) protein family contains two members: TNF-á (also known as cachectin) and TNF-â (also known as lymphotoxin). These proteins are small molecules with a molecular weight of 17 and 25kD respectively, and share 30% amino acid homology. TNF-á and -â are secreted from many different cells such as lymphocytes, neutrophils, and macrophages. Both cytokines bind to the same receptor molecules: TNF receptor 1 (55kD) and TNF receptor 2 (75kD), and cause a vast array of effects.2-4\nMany substances can induce the production of TNF in cells, but bacterial cell wall products, such as lipopolysaccharide, are among the most potent inducers. TNF-á is a major mediator of inflammatory responses and its over-production results in extensive tissue damage associated with endotoxemia and cachexia. High serum levels of TNF are associated with septic shock, rejection of renal transplants, parasitic infections, and various neoplastic diseases. TNF-á exhibits growth-enhancing activities for normal cells like fibroblasts, T and B cells, activation of endothelial cells, and differentiation of myeloid cells.5\nIn neoplastic cells, TNF-á exerts growth inhibitory activities that can be either cytostatic or cytotoxic. Monoclonal antibodies to TNF-á are useful tools for the determination and quantification of the TNF-á molecule in many in vitro and in vivo systems.\n\nApplications: \nSuitable for use in ELISA, Western Blot and Immunoprecipitation. Other applications not tested.\n\nRecommended Dilution:\nOptimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher.\n\nCellular Localization: Type 2 membrane protein or soluble form derived from the membrane by proteolytic cleavage.\n\nStorage and Stability:\nMay be stored at 4 degrees C for short-term only. For long-term storage and to avoid repeated freezing and thawing, add sterile glycerol (40-50%), aliquot and store at -20 degrees C. Aliquots are stable for at least 3 months at -20 degrees C. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap. Further dilutions can be made in assay buffer.

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SPECIFICATIONS

Catalog Number

T9160-21A

Size

100ul

Applications

ELISA, IP, WB

Reactivities

Mouse, Rat

Form

0.01M PBS. pH 7.4

P Type

Mab

Purity

Purified by Protein A affinity chromatography.

Isotype

IgG

References

1. Sheehan, K.C., et al., J. Immunol., 142, 3884-3893 (1989).\n2. Nedwin, G.E., et al., Nucl. Acid Res., 13, 6361-6373 (1985).\n3. Aggarwal, B.B., et al., J. Biol. Chem., 260, 2345-2354 (1985).\n4. Vilcek, J., and Lee, T.H., J. Biol. Chem., 266, 7313-7316 (1991).\n5. Beutler, B., and Cerami, A., Biochemistry, 27, 7575-7582 (1988).

Additional Info

Recognizes mouse and rat TNF-alpha; (approx. 17kD in its monomer form and 51kD in its homotrimer form) and crossreacts with mouse TNF-alpha.