Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF a, TNFa, TNF-a, APC1, Cachectin, Differentiation Inducing Factor, DIF, Macrophage Cytotoxic Factor, MCF, Necrosin, TNF Macrophage-derived, TNF Monocyte-derived, Tumor Necrosis Factor Ligand Superfamily Member 2, TNF Superf

Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF alpha) is a protein secreted by lipopolysaccharide stimulated macrophages, and causes tumor necrosis when injected into tumor bearing mice. TNF alpha is believed to mediate pathogenic shock and tissue injury associated with endotoxemia. TNF alpha exists as a multimer of two, three, or five noncovalently linked units, but shows a single 17kD band following SDS PAGE under non reducing conditions. TNF alpha is closely related to the 25kD protein Tumour Necrosis Factor beta (lymphotoxin), sharing the same receptors and cellular actions. TNF alpha causes cytolysis or cytostasis of certain transformed cells, being synergistic with interferon gamma in its cytotoxicity. Although it has little effect on many cultured normal human cells, TNF alpha appears to be directly toxic to vascular endothelial cells. Other actions of TNF alpha include stimulating growth of human fibroblasts and other cell lines, activating polymorphonuclear neutrophils and osteoclasts, and induction of interleukin 1, prostaglandin E2 and collagenase production. TNF alpha is currently being evaluated in treatment of certain cancers and AIDS Related Complex.\n\nApplications: \nSuitable for use in ELISA, Western Blot, Immunoprecipitation and Immunohistochemistry (Fr) (paraffin-embedded sections). Other applications not tested.\n\nRecommended Dilution:\nOptimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher.\n\nCellular Localization: Type 2 membrane protein or soluble form derived from the membrane by proteolytic cleavage.\n\nStorage and Stability:\nMay be stored at 4 degrees C for short-term only. For long-term storage and to avoid repeated freezing and thawing, add sterile glycerol (40-50%), aliquot and store at -20 degrees C. Aliquots are stable for at least 3 months at -20 degrees C. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap. Further dilutions can be made in assay buffer.

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SPECIFICATIONS

Catalog Number

T9160-21N

Size

200ul

Applications

ELISA, IHC, IP, WB

Hosts

Rabbit

Reactivities

Hum

Form

As reported

P Type

Pab

Purity

Purified

Isotype

IgG

References

1. Cseh, K. & Beutler, B. Alternative cleavage of the cachectin/tumor necrosis factor propeptide results in a larger, inactive form of secreted protein. J. Biol. Chem. 264(27):16256-16260, 1989.\n2. Nedwin, G.E., et al. Human lymphotoxin and tumor necrosis factor genes: structure homology and chromocomal localization. Nucleic Acid Res. 13(170:6361-6373, 1985.

Additional Info

No reactivity is detected against human TNF-b (lymphotoxin). This antibody will recognize the cell-bound precursor of TNFa as a 26,000 protein in immunoblots, particularly in denatured samples. This antibody is also useful for neutralization of human and primate TNFa activity in bioassays. It does not neutralize the biological activity of lymphotoxin. Species Crossreactivity: Crossreacts with Human and other Primates.