Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF-alpha) is a 17.3kD multi-functional pro-inflammatory cytokine primarily secreted by macrophages, but also produced by T and B lymphocytes, activated monocytes and fibroblasts. TNF-alpha exists in both a transmembrane and mature soluble form and has many biological properties, including activation of transcription factor NF-KappaB, the induction of apoptosis in various tumor cell lines and the stimulation of cell differentiation and proliferation under certain conditions. Studies have revealed a role for TNF-alpha in inflammation, septic shock, autoimmune disease and rheumatoid arthritis.
Applications:
Suitable for use in ELISA, Immunohistochemistry, Flow Cytometry, Western Blot, Immunoprecipitation and Neutralization. Other applications not tested.
Recommended Dilution:
Flow Cytometry: 1:50
Western Blot: 1:50
Immunohistochemistry: 1:50
Neutralization: For neutralization of biological acitivity in vitro, dilution must be determined according to the amount of TNF-alpha to be inactivated.
Optimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher.
Storage and Stability:
May be stored at 4 degrees C for short-term only. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20 degrees C. Aliquots are stable for 12 months. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap.