Tyrosine Hydroxylase, phosphorylated (Ser19) (TH, TYH, Tyrosine 3 Hydroxylase, Tyrosine 3 Monooxygenase)

Rat tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) is a pterin-dependent monooxygenase that catalyzes the hydroxylation of tyrosine to DOPA through the use of a non-heme iron. It is a 55 kD, 498 amino acid (aa) a-helical protein that runs anomalously at 62 kD in SDS-PAGE. The molecule contains a 164 aa N-terminal regulatory region and a 334 aa C-terminal catalytic domain. Its activity is regulated at the post-transcriptional level by phosphorylation of serine and feedback by catecholamines. Four serines are known to be phosphorylated at aa positions 8, 19, 31, and 40. Different kinases contribute to different phosphorylation patterns. For example, MAPKAPK-2 and CaMKII act on S19 and S40, PKA phosphorylates only at S40, while Cdk5 phosphorylates S31. Variable site phosphorylations have variable effects. S40 phosphorylation blocks catecholamine feedback inhibition. Subsequent phosphorylations at S19 or S31 likely stabilize an otherwise unstable enzyme phosphorylated only at S40, contributing to increased enzyme activity. Phosphorylation at S8 is likely to be physiologically unimportant.\n\nApplications: \nWestern Blot: 1:1000 \nImmunofluorescence: 1:1000 (frozen sections) \nImmunohistochemistry: 1:1000 (frozen sections) \nOptimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application.\n\nStorage and Stability:\nMay be stored at 4 degrees C for short-term only. For long-term storage, store at -20 degrees C. Aliquots are stable for at least 12 months at -20 degrees C. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap. Further dilutions can be made in assay buffer.

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SPECIFICATIONS

Catalog Number

T9237-05H

Size

100ul

Applications

IF, IHC, WB

Hosts

Rabbit

Form

Supplied as a liquid in 10mM HEPES, pH 7.5, 150mM sodium chloride, 100ug/ml BSA and 50% glycerol.

P Type

Pab

Purity

Purified by immunoaffinity chromatography.

Isotype

IgG

References

1. Grima, B. et al. (1985) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82:617. \n2. Frantom, P.A. et al. (2006) Biochemistry 45:2372. \n3. Moy, L.Y. and L-H. Tsai (2004) J. Biol. Chem. 279:54487.\n4. Royo, M. et al. (2005) Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 434:266. \n5. Witkovsky, P. et al. (2000) J. Chem. Neuroanat. 19:105.

Additional Info

Recognizes Tyrosine Hydroxylase, phosphorylated at Ser19. Specific for the 62kD TH in Western Blots of PC-12 cell lysates.