Uncoupling Protein 1, Mouse Control Peptide (UCP1)

A 12 amino acid peptide sequence at the C-terminus of the mouse/rat UCP1.\n\nThe regulation of body weight depends upon the calorie intake and expenditure. It is a very complex and highly regulated process. It involves multiples neural circuits with specific neuropeptides, neurotransmitter transporters and receptors and influenced by peripheral signals. The product of obese gene (Leptin) may influence many of these processes. White and brown adipose tissues (WAT and BAT, respectively) play a central role in body weight and energy expenditure. WAT is the major site for energy storage via triglyceride synthesis and mobilization via lipolysis. Uncoupling proteins (UCP1-4) are a family of mitochondria transprt proteins that play a critical role in thermoregulatory heat production and maintenance of basal metabolic rate. BAT is able to dissipate energy as heat via uncoupled mitochondrial respiration by a mitochondrial anion carrier, uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1). UCP1 is predicted to contain 6 trans-membrane (TM) domains, a putative purine nucleotide-binding domain (PNBD) and three-mitochondrial energy transfer protein domains (ETPDs). Both amino and C-termini are predicted to be cytoplasmic. UCP1 is a member of the mitochondrial carrier protein family, which includes the ATP/ADP translocator, the phosphate, the 2-oxoglutarate/malate and the citrate (tricarboxylate) carriers. UCP1 plays an important role in thermoregulation in hibernating animals, neonates, and it contributes to rodent cold- and diet induced thermogenesis.\n\nBecause of the restricted expression of UCP1 and the lack of BAT in adult animals and humans, UCP1 may not be important in body weight regulation/energy expenditure in adults. Recently a novel UCP2, a homologue of UCP1, has been identified. In contrast with UCP1, UCP2 is widely expressed in adult human tissues and it is unregulated in WAT in response to fat intake. UCP2 is 59% homologous with UCP1. In the WAT of ob/ob and db/db mice, UCP2 expression is greatly elevated when compared to lean animals. Therefore, UCP2 has been implicated in the regulation of energy balance, body weight, and thermoregulation. Skeletal muscle contributes up to 40% of whole body epinephrine-induced thermogenesis in humans.\n\nAnother homologue of UCPs, UCP3, has been cloned from human skeletal muscle. Human UCP3 protein (312 aa) has 71% and 57% homology with UCP2 and UCP1, respectively. The long (309 aa) and mature form of UCP3 is designated as UCP3L; UCP3s lacks the 6th potential TM domain and the PNBD domain implicated in the control of coupling efficiency of UCP1. Both forms of UCP3 are expressed in muscle. UCP3 expression is highly specific for skeletal muscle and it is unaffected by cold acclimation. It is also expressed in BAT of animals. UCP3 could play a critical role in energy expenditure and its regulation. \n\nApplications. Suitable for use in ELISA or antibody blocking experiments in Western Blot to confirm antibody specificity.\n\nRecommended Dilution:\nELISA: 5-10ug per 1ug of U1620-07 (affinity pure antibody) or 1ul of U1620-09 (serum grade antibody)\n\nStorage and Stability: For long-term storage, aliquot and store at -20 degrees C. Aliquots are stable for at least 6 months at -20 degrees C. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap. Further dilutions can be made in assay buffer.\n

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SPECIFICATIONS

Catalog Number

U1620-05

Size

50ug

Applications

ELISA, WB

Reactivities

Hum, Rat, Rabbit

Form

1mg/ml soln. in PBS, pH 7.4 and 0.02% sodium merthiolate

Purity

Highly purified

References

1. Kozak LP et (1988) JBC 263:12274. 2. Bouillaud F (1986) JBC 261:1487. 3. Ridley RG et a (1986) Nucl. Acid Res. 14:4025. 4. Miroux B et al (1993) EMBO J 12:3739. 5. Cassard AM et al (1990) JCB 43:255. 6. Fleury C et al (1997) Nature Genetics 15:269-272. 7. Feil S and Rafael J (1994) Eur. J. Biochem. 219:681. 8. Boss O et al (1997) FEBS Lett. 408:39-42.

Additional Info

The 12 AA immunogenic peptide sequences show homologies of 100% with rat, 91% with hamster (11/12 aa), 83% with rabbit (10/12 aa) and 70% with human (9/12 aa) UCP1