AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is highly conserved from yeast to plants and animals, and plays a key role in regulation of energy homeostasis. The kinase is activated by an elevated AMP-ATP ratio due to cellular and environmental stress, such as heat shock, hypoxia and ischemia. AMPK is also involved in apoptosis. AMP plays an essential role in the activation of AMPK. Firstly, it is required for AMPK phosphorylation by the upstream kinase AMPKK at Thr172. AMPK phosphorylation by AMPKK raises AMPK activity at least 50-fold. Secondly, AMP inhibits the dephosphorylation and inactivation of AMPK by PP2C. The beta1 subunit is post-translationally modified by myristoylation and multi-site phosphorylation. Phosphorylation at serine 108 of the beta1 subunit seems to be required for the activation of AMPK enzyme. Phosphorylation at serines 24, 25 and 182 of the beta1 subunit affects its cellular localization.
Applications:
Suitable for use in ELISA, Western Blot, and Immunohistochemistry. Other applications not tested.
Recommended Dilution:
ELISA: 1:20,000
Western Blot: 1:500-1:1,000
Immunohistochemistry: 1:50-1:100
Optimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher.
Storage and Stability:
May be stored at 4 degrees C for short-term only. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20 degrees C. Aliquots are stable for at least 12 months. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap.
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