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Bnc 1 is a 994 amino acid transcription factor specific for squamous epithelium and for the constituent keratinocytes at a stage either prior to or at the very beginning of terminal differentiation. It is a zinc finger protein with three separated pairs of zinc fingers and a nuclear localization signal. Bnc 1 is a soluble protein that can shuttle between the nucleus and the cytoplasm, and its location depends on the proliferative potential of the cell. It is expressed relatively uniformly in the nucleoplasm, and phosphorylation on Ser537 and Ser541 leads to its cytoplasmic localization. It is present in the basal cell layer of the epidermis, in hair follicles and also in abundance in the germ cells of testis and ovary, and to a lower extent in thymus, spleen, mammary glands, placenta, brain, and heart. Reports suggest that it plays a regulatory role in keratinocyte proliferation and also in rRNA transcription. It is also known to play a role in the differentiation of spermatozoa and oocytes. |
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