CD39 (Apyrase, ATPDase, EC3.6.1.5, Ecto-Apyrase,Ecto-ATPase, ENTPD1, Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 1, NTPDase-1, Nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 1, Vascular ATP diphosphohydrolase)

CD39 is an integral membrane protein with two transmembrane domains and a large extracellular region (Maliszewski et al, 1994) with nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase activity (Wang and Guidotti, 1996). CD39 hydrolyzes nucleotide substrates at extremely high turnover rates, converting ATP directly into AMP without releasing ADP (Wang and Guidotti, 1998). CD39 has six putative N-glycosylation sites within its sequence (Maliszewski et al, 1994) and is heavily glycosylated (Wang et al, 1998). Wu et al (2005) have reported that the presence or absence of certain N-linked oligosaccharides on CD39 affect its enzymatic activity. In the plasma membrane, CD39 forms oligomers that are essential for its enzymatic activity (Wang et al, 1998) CD39 functions on the outer face of the plasma membrane (Maliszewski et al, 1994; Wang and Guidotti, 1996, 1998; Marcus et al, 1997; Wang et al, 1997; Koziak et al, 2000) and is not active until it reaches the plasma membrane. Complete N-glycosylation of CD39 correlates with its enzymatic activity (Zhong et al, 2001).\n\nCD39 has been identified originally as a cell-surface glycoprotein expressed on activated B-cells after cell activation (Maliszewski et al, 1994). CD39 is expressed also on NK-cells and subsets ofT-cells, vascular endothelial cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells (Kansas et al, 1991). Wang and Guidotti (1997, 1998) have shown that CD39 is expressed in primary neurons andastrocytes in cell culture and is expressed widely in the glial cells and neurons in the rat brain. CD39 is responsible for the inhibition of ADP-induced platelet aggregation (Kaczmarek et al, 1996; Marcus et al, 1997). Studies with knock-out mice lacking expression of CD39 have indicated that CD39 participates in the regulation of the function of the ADP-dependent purinoreceptor P2Y1 and that its absence results in disordered hemostasis and thromboregulation (Enjyoji et al, 1999). The administration of a soluble form of CD39 has been shown to reduce platelet aggregation (Gayle et al, 1998). Goepfert et al (2001) have reported that chemotaxis of monocyte and macrophages from CD39 knock-out mice to nucleotides is impaired and that CD39 plays a role in the regulation of the cellular infiltration and new vessel growth in a model of angiogenesis.\n\nF(ab')2 rabbit anti mouse IgG: RPE conjugate\n\nFusion Partners: Spleen cells from immunized BALB/c mice were fused with cells of the mouse NS1 myeloma cell line.\n\nRecommended Negative Controls: Mouse IgG1 Negative Control\n\nApplications:\nFlow Cytometry: Neat-1:8\nOptimal working dilutions to be determined by researcher.\n\nFlow Cytometry: Use 10ul of the suggested working dilution to label 10e6 cells or 100ul whole blood.

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SPECIFICATIONS

Catalog Number

C2391-03

Size

1ml

Applications

FC

Hosts

Mouse

Reactivities

Hum

Form

Supplied as a liquid in PBS, pH 7.2, 0.1% sodium azide.

P Type

Mab

Purity

Purified by Protein G affinity chromatography.

Isotype

IgG1

References

Enjyoji K et al Targeted disruption of CD39/ATP diphosphohydrolase results in disordered hemostasis and thromboregulation. Nature Medicine 5: 1010-1017 (1999); Gayle RB et al Inhibition of platelet function by recombinant soluble ecto-ADPase/CD39. Journal of Clinical Investigation 101: 1851-1859 (1998); Goepfert C et al Disordered cellular migration and angiogenesis in CD39-null mice. Circulation 104(25): 3109-3115 (2001); Kaczmarek E et al Identification and characterization of CD39 vascular ATP diphosphohydrolase. Journal of Biological Chemistry 271: 33116-33122 (1996); Kansas GS et al Expression, distribution and biochemistry of human CD39. Role in activation-associated homotypic adhesion of lymphocytes. Journal of Immunology 146: 2235-2244 (1991); Koziak K et al Palmitoylation targets CD39/endothelial ATP diphosphohydrolase to caveolae. Journal of Biological Chemistry 275: 2057-2062 (2000); Maliszewski CR et al The CD39 lymphoid cell activation antigen. Molecular cloning and structural characterization. Journal of Immunology 153: 3574-3583 (1994); Marcus AJ et al The endothelial cell ecto-ADPase responsible for inhibition of platelet function is CD39. Journal of Clinical Investigation 99: 1351-1360 (1997); Wang TF and Guidotti G CD39 is an ecto-(Ca2+,Mg2+)-apyrase. Journal of Biological Chemistry 271: 9898-9901 (1996); Wang TF and Guidotti G The transmembrane domains of ectoapyrase (CD39) affect its enzymatic activity and quaternary structure. Journal of Biological Chemistry 273: 24814-24821 (1998); Wang TF et al Characterization of brain ecto-apyrase: evidence for only one ecto-apyrase (CD39) gene. Brain Research Molecular Brain Research 47: 295-302 (1997); Wang TF and Guidotti G Widespread expression of ecto-apyrase (CD39) in the central nervous system. Brain Research 790(1-2): 318-322 (1998); Wu JJ et al N-linked oligosaccharides affect the enzymatic activity of CD39: diverse interactions between seven N-linked glycosylation sites. Molecular Biology of the Cell 16(4): 1661-1672 (2005); Zhong X et al Mammalian plasma membrane ecto-nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 1, CD39, is not active intracellularly. The N-glycosylation state of CD39 correlates with surface activity and localization. Journal of Biological Chemistry 276: 41518-41525 (2001)

Additional Info

Binds to the human CD39 cell surface antigen, a 70-100kD molecule expressed on peripheral blood B cells, monocytes and T cell clones. CD39 has intrinsic ecto-ATPase activity. Expression is induced on T cells and increased on B cells as a late activation antigen. This antibody has been shown to block MHC independent target cell recognition by hapten-specific CTL. MC3H1279268XZ is recommended for this application (8).